Technological fingerprints of the Early Bronze Age clay figurines from Tell Mardikh-Ebla (Syria)

Discrimination and Provenances of Phoenician Red Slip Ware Using both the Solid State Electrochemistry and Petrographic Analyses

“…In this case the raw materials are rich in carbonate inclusions (fragments of carbonate sedimentary rocks fragments and microfossils) and the reddish color of the matrix suggests also a consistent content of hematite. The homogeneous color of the calcareous matrix infers a controlled atmosphere of firing . While, the diffuse clay pellets present in the Pantelleria sample could be due to a not correct hydration of the paste during the modelling procedure .…”

“…The inclusions are carbonate rock fragments and microfossils mainly, resulting for these reasons, very different respect to samples of the other archaeological context, as clearly suggested by voltammetric data in Figures b and 9b. The homogeneous ochre color of the calcareous matrix allows to hypnotize that the control of firing conditions is fine and under oxidizing condition . The ochre color of the matrix may be due to a higher content of Ca in the raw material, because this condition supports the formation of newly Ca‐silicates phases and prevent an abundant hematite crystallization, leading to a ochre‐beige color of the matrix .…”

Microstructural, Mineralogical and Petrographical Characteristics of the Medieval Ceramics from the Studenica Monastery (UNESCO World Heritage Site): Implications on the Pottery Technology and Provenance of The Raw Material

“…We start with material characterization and comparison between ceramic compositions (i.e., mineralogical and chemical characteristics of clasts and ceramic matrix) and geological features of the wider area. A similar approach was applied by many authors (e.g., Breakmans et al, 2011; Ionescu & Hoeck, 2011; De Vito et al, 2015; Charalambidou et al, 2016; Fishman, 2016; Kreiter et al, 2017). In addition, we apply a set of mineralogical and petrographical analyses that are standard methods in ceramics investigations in order to: (a) separate local from possibly imported items (Tite, 2008; Breakmans et al, 2011), (b) define technological aspects of ceramic production (e.g., Lapuente & Pérez-Arantegui, 1999; Day et al, 2006; Menelaou et al, 2016; Mentesana et al, 2016, and references therein), and (c) establish the origin of raw material used for production of the studied ceramics (Whitelaw et al, 1997; Hilditch, 2007, 2013; Barone et al, 2010; Damjanović et al, 2014, among others).…”

How Microanalysis Can Be Discriminant on Black Pompeian Wares

“…Even if the reason of their use and production could be similar, aesthetic features, color, and shine are different due to the raw materials and technological processes they underwent, that can be reconstructed thanks to archaeometric investigations [23,24]. Mineralogical, petrographic, and chemical methods are usually applied on ancient ceramic material with this purpose [25][26][27][28], combining bulk (e.g., X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) [29], thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) [30], Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [31], X-ray fluorescence (XRF) [32], instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) [33,34], etc.) and punctual techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) [35], electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) [36], Raman spectroscopy [37,38], secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) [39], etc.).…”