“…Heterogeneity of the structure and varying characteristics of the strength of the components of PCM contribute to the formation of microcracks and chips in the process of blade machining [4]. In the machining of PCM, it is necessary to use tools with special carbide and diamond coatings of the cutting edge of the tool [5].…”
The subject of this study is indicators of the quality, geometric accuracy, and roughness of holes in aviation structures (AS) made from polymeric composite materials (PCM) produced by drilling. The indicators of quality, geometric accuracy, and roughness of PCM holes were investigated by using kinematic hole drilling schemes and the creation of PCM chips. A kinematic scheme has been built of the cutting forces operating in PCM when drilling with the distribution of zones from 0° to 360°. Experimental studies on the establishment of characteristic shrinkage zones in the drilling of PCM, as well as their values, have been implemented. The methods used are the analysis of the quality indicators of PCM holes, and the method of expert assessments. The following results were obtained. Based on the analysis and synthesis, it was found that with incorrectly selected geometric parameters for drills involving the work accompanied by the wear of drills on the back surface, stratification, cracks, or chips of PCM may appear. It is shown that the decisive factor is a comprehensive assessment, which is determined not only by the quality, accuracy, and roughness but also by the condition of the holes at the input and output of the drill. Features and characteristic contact zones for PCM drilling were identified. It has been established that within the drill operating areas from 0° to 90° and from 180° to 270° the cutting forces are reduced while the indicators of surface quality, roughness, and geometric accuracy of a PCM hole are improved. In zones from 90° to 180° and from 270° to 360° – on the contrary, low quality of the machined surface is assumed. The calculation of the required cutting forces and calculation of the height of roughness of drilling holes in PCM have been proposed, taking into consideration the bearing of chips under the action of the wedge. The results of experimental studies on the establishment of characteristic shrinkage zones when drilling PCM confirmed the adequacy of the results of theoretical studies on the kinematic schemes of drill operation in PCM
“…Heterogeneity of the structure and varying characteristics of the strength of the components of PCM contribute to the formation of microcracks and chips in the process of blade machining [4]. In the machining of PCM, it is necessary to use tools with special carbide and diamond coatings of the cutting edge of the tool [5].…”
The subject of this study is indicators of the quality, geometric accuracy, and roughness of holes in aviation structures (AS) made from polymeric composite materials (PCM) produced by drilling. The indicators of quality, geometric accuracy, and roughness of PCM holes were investigated by using kinematic hole drilling schemes and the creation of PCM chips. A kinematic scheme has been built of the cutting forces operating in PCM when drilling with the distribution of zones from 0° to 360°. Experimental studies on the establishment of characteristic shrinkage zones in the drilling of PCM, as well as their values, have been implemented. The methods used are the analysis of the quality indicators of PCM holes, and the method of expert assessments. The following results were obtained. Based on the analysis and synthesis, it was found that with incorrectly selected geometric parameters for drills involving the work accompanied by the wear of drills on the back surface, stratification, cracks, or chips of PCM may appear. It is shown that the decisive factor is a comprehensive assessment, which is determined not only by the quality, accuracy, and roughness but also by the condition of the holes at the input and output of the drill. Features and characteristic contact zones for PCM drilling were identified. It has been established that within the drill operating areas from 0° to 90° and from 180° to 270° the cutting forces are reduced while the indicators of surface quality, roughness, and geometric accuracy of a PCM hole are improved. In zones from 90° to 180° and from 270° to 360° – on the contrary, low quality of the machined surface is assumed. The calculation of the required cutting forces and calculation of the height of roughness of drilling holes in PCM have been proposed, taking into consideration the bearing of chips under the action of the wedge. The results of experimental studies on the establishment of characteristic shrinkage zones when drilling PCM confirmed the adequacy of the results of theoretical studies on the kinematic schemes of drill operation in PCM
The paper deals with the design of the cutting part of complex-profile cutters with high productivity and surface quality. Numerical experiments carried out using the finite element method made it possible to determine the stresses and strains in the layer of the cut material when machining with multifaceted milling cutters of a new type and indirectly estimate the specific cutting forces. The required dimensions and shape of the cutting wedge are set with account for various geometric parameters of the cutting part, properties of the workpiece material, and cutting conditions. This made it possible to obtain a three-dimensional model of an end mill with a trapezoidal tooth and 700 cutting edges. Experimental studies also showed a change in the morphology of chips with a size of about 2 microns, which is in good agreement with the results of preliminary estimates by the finite element method. The productivity of processing with milling cutters of a new design can be improved by increasing the number of single cutting cycles up to4000–6000 s–1.
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