Technoeconomic analysis of co-hydrothermal carbonization of coal waste and food waste

Mazumder, Shanta; Saha, Pretom; McGaughy, Kyle; Saba, A.E.; Reza, Mehedi

doi:10.1007/s13399-020-00817-8

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The cost of manufacturing was determined for Case I following the methodology of Peters et al, 36 and the cost of manufacturing was determined for Case II following Turton et al, 32 as the latter was used by previous literature 29, 37,38 for a similar hydrothermal processing plant. In addition, the various economic parameters used for determining the cost associated with the manufacturing cost estimation can be found in Table 1.…”

Section: Ultimate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment of Biomass by Selected Type-III Deep Eutectic Solvents and Evaluation of the Pretreatment Effects on Hydrothermal Carbonization

Islam

Sultana

Saha

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a novel thermochemical conversion that converts wet biomass into energy dense solid fuel. Residual moisture under subcritical conditions reacts with a lignin-cellulose-hemicellulose matrix with the major reactions being identified as dehydration and decarboxylation. Among other reaction parameters (e.g., temperature, time, pressure), biomass morphology often plays a key role in HTC. The hypothesis of this study was enhancing the porous structure of biomass without significantly affecting biopolymer composition would augment hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). To prove the hypothesis, two type-III deep eutectic solvents (DESs), namely choline chloride:urea (ChCl:Urea, 1:2 mol/mol) and methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide:ethylene glycol (MTPB:EG, 1:4 mol/mol), were studied to pretreat loblolly pine at room temperature and ambient pressure for 1 h. DES pretreatment shows swelling of the biomass, increasing the surface fiber-to-fiber gap length by 52% and 185% for ChCl:Urea and MPTB:EG pretreatments, respectively. The total pore volume remained intact (2.6 × 10–3 cm3/g), although new small pores evolved, and existing pores were abated with DES pretreatment. Hydrochars prepared from DES pretreated loblolly pine showed a high O/C and H/C ratio resulting in a significant increase of energy content (up to 42%) and a decrease of mass yield (up to 50 wt %), indicating an enhancement of HTC severity due to the alteration of surface morphology by DES. A preliminary process economics revealed that integrated DES pretreatment-HTC would increase fixed capital investment but decrease the cost of operation and manufacturing than the standalone HTC process.

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Section: Ultimate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment of Biomass by Selected Type-III Deep Eutectic Solvents and Evaluation of the Pretreatment Effects on Hydrothermal Carbonization

Islam

Sultana

Saha

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The block diagrams of all four artificial neural network (ANN) models are shown in Figure 4a. The dense, sequential, multilayer perceptron (MLP) architecture was selected for implementation of each of the ANN models in Figure 4b, as it is reported to be a well-established universal approximator [17][18][19]32,33]. Neural networks were deployed to investigate the aforementioned relations and determine the influencing factors related to HHV.…”

Section: Artificial Neural Network Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Engineered Hydrochars: Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge

et al. 2021

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Sewage sludge hydrochars (SSHs), which are produced by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), offer a high calorific value to be applied as a biofuel. However, HTC is a complex processand the properties of the resulting product depend heavily on the process conditions and feedstock composition. In this work, we have applied artificial neural networks (ANNs) to contribute to the production of tailored SSHs for a specific application and with optimum properties. We collected data from the published literature covering the years 2014–2021, which was then fed into different ANN models where the input data (HTC temperature, process time, and the elemental content of hydrochars) were used to predict output parameters ((higher heating value, (HHV) and solid yield (%)). The proposed ANN models were successful in accurately predicting both HHV and contents of C and H. While the model NN1 (based on C, H, O content) exhibited HHV predicting performance with R2 = 0.974, another model, NN2, was also able to predict HHV with R2 = 0.936 using only C and H as input. Moreover, the inverse model of NN3 (based on H, O content, and HHV) could predict C content with an R2 of 0.939.

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“…To date, the economic feasibility and social impact of using hydrochar as a fuel source or soil conditioner have not garnered as much attention as the environmental benefits. Only a few authors have investigated the economics of hydrochar for energy generation, mostly focusing on food waste as feedstock [45,46], and in the case of hydrochar produced from pulp and paper mill sludge, no study has been conducted yet, to the knowledge of the authors of this paper.…”

Section: Implementation Of Hydrochar Pellet Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of the Use of Hydrochar Pellets in Combined Heat and Power Plants

et al. 2020

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been seen as a potentially beneficial process for converting wet biomass into value-added products. It is, however, necessary to overcome the challenges associated with handling the powdered form of hydrochar—a solid product of the HTC process—by controlling the formation of dust and facilitating smoother transportation and distribution in a potentially wide marketplace. In this paper, the authors investigate the environmental consequences of different alternatives for using hydrochar pellets produced from mixed sludges from pulp and paper mills in Sweden, using the environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA). Two scenarios for possible end-uses of hydrochar in combined heat and power (CHP) plants as a source of energy (heat and electricity) were assessed. In these scenarios, hydrochar pellets were assumed to be combusted in CHP plants, thereby avoiding the use of combustible solid wastes (Scenario A) and coal (Scenario B), respectively, to recover energy in the form of electricity and heat. The environmental damages to Human Health, Ecosystem Quality, Climate Change, and Resources are evaluated based on 1 tonne of dry sludge as the functional unit. The results from this analysis illustrate that Scenario B, in which hydrochar replaces coal, offers the greatest reduction in all the environmental damage characterizations, except the Resources category. The displacement of energy-based coal due to hydrochar combustion contributed most significantly to the environmental damages wrought by the system—ranging from 52% in Resources to 93% in Ecosystem Quality. Overall, the results highlight that the application of hydrochar pellets for energy recovery to offset waste- and coal-based energy sources has great environmental benefits. The favorability of sludge hydrochar over solid wastes as fuel for CHP plants may be counter-intuitive at first, since HTC is an energy-intensive process, but when accounting for the necessity of dependence on imports of wastes for instance, the hydrochar pellet may well emerge as a good option for CHPs in Sweden.

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Technoeconomic analysis of co-hydrothermal carbonization of coal waste and food waste

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Pretreatment of Biomass by Selected Type-III Deep Eutectic Solvents and Evaluation of the Pretreatment Effects on Hydrothermal Carbonization

Pretreatment of Biomass by Selected Type-III Deep Eutectic Solvents and Evaluation of the Pretreatment Effects on Hydrothermal Carbonization

Towards Engineered Hydrochars: Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge

A Comprehensive Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of the Use of Hydrochar Pellets in Combined Heat and Power Plants

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