Techno-economic study of a small scale gasifier applied to an indoor hemp farm: From energy savings to biochar effects on productivity

Pedrazzi, Simone; Santunione, Giulia; Mustone, Marcello; Cannazza, Giuseppe; Citti, Cinzia; Francia, Enrico; Allesina, Giulio

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113645

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Currently, new applications of this species have emerged at the industrial level, the most relevant being presented below: in paper production of higher quality than that from wood, thus avoiding deforestation of the forest [95]; construction material industries for the production of sustainable materials specifically isolations from hemp fiber [96]; personal uses like essential oils [97] which can be used to control insects and pests due to their insecticidal and antimicrobial action, in the manufacture of soaps, fragrances and candles [98]; in the pharmaceutical industry for its compounds such as cannabidiol (CBD) [97] and ∆-9-tetrahydrocannabinol both extracted from unpollinated flowers [99]; chemical products such as detergents, varnishes, paints [100], solvents, printing inks, and biopesticides; in WW treatment; in the animal litter production; in the automotive sector as vehicle parts and other internal components; in the fashion industry, and; in the production of jewelry, furniture, nutraceutical, cosmetics (including cosmeceutical), medical and acoustic products [98]. Cannabis sativa can be used for biocomposites production [101,102] and innovative and sustainable materials such as bioplastics [98], namely in biodegradable container production with an antibacterial effect [103].…”

Section: Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cannabis sativa can be used for biocomposites production [101,102] and innovative and sustainable materials such as bioplastics [98], namely in biodegradable container production with an antibacterial effect [103]. In the food industry, seeds can be extracted from various chemical components such as oil (omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids) and proteins [99] used in the natural beverages production [98], and the remaining material is often used after the extraction of the oil from the seed for animal feed due to the high presence of proteins [95]. The sectors linked with Cannabis sativa that are of greater commercial interest are textile, paper, food, and construction, and those that are under development are the automotive and cosmetics industries [98].…”

Section: Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) Energy Crops to Bioenergy and Biofuels—A Review

et al. 2022

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Energy crops are dedicated cultures directed for biofuels, electricity, and heat production. Due to their tolerance to contaminated lands, they can alleviate and remediate land pollution by the disposal of toxic elements and polymetallic agents. Moreover, these crops are suitable to be exploited in marginal soils (e.g., saline), and, therefore, the risk of land-use conflicts due to competition for food, feed, and fuel is reduced, contributing positively to economic growth, and bringing additional revenue to landowners. Therefore, further study and investment in R&D is required to link energy crops to the implementation of biorefineries. The main objective of this study is to present a review of the potential of selected energy crops for bioenergy and biofuels production, when cultivated in marginal/degraded/contaminated (MDC) soils (not competing with agriculture), contributing to avoiding Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) burdens. The selected energy crops are Cynara cardunculus, Arundo donax, Cannabis sativa, Helianthus tuberosus, Linum usitatissimum, Miscanthus × giganteus, Sorghum bicolor, Panicum virgatum, Acacia dealbata, Pinus pinaster, Paulownia tomentosa, Populus alba, Populus nigra, Salix viminalis, and microalgae cultures. This article is useful for researchers or entrepreneurs who want to know what kind of crops can produce which biofuels in MDC soils.

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Section: Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) Energy Crops to Bioenergy and Biofuels—A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Several studies tried to evaluate the economic profitability of biomass gasification CHP plants [89][90][91][92][93][94]. Colantoni et al [89] used Montecarlo simulation to evaluate important economic indicators, like Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Time (PBT), of three different gasification CHP power plants (13.6 kW, 136 kW, and 1.9 MW nominal electrical capacity).…”

Section: Cost Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small scale CHP sizes (13.6, and 136 kW) showed a PBT of 13.6 and 6 years, respectively. Pedrazzi et al [90] evaluated the economic feasibility of a small scale CHP plant of 20 kW nominal electrical capacity applied to an indoor hemp greenhouse. In this case, a PBT range for 3.5 to 5.5 was evaluated.…”

Section: Cost Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Success: A Technical Review on the Limits and Possible Future Roles of Small Scale Gasifiers

Allesina¹,

Pedrazzi²

2021

Energies

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Literature and manuals refer to biomass gasification as one of the most efficient processes for power generation, highlighting features, such as residual biomass use, distributed generation and carbon sequestration, that perfectly incorporate gasification into circular economies and sustainable development goals. Despite these features, small scale applications struggle to succeed as a leading solution for sustainable development. The aim of this review is to investigate the existing technological barriers that limit the spreading of biomass gasification from a socio-technical point of view. The review outlines how existing technologies originated from under feed-in-tariff regimes and highlights where the current design goals strongly differ from what will be needed in the near future. Relevant market-ready small-scale gasification systems are analyzed under this lens, leading to an analysis of the reactor and filtration design. To help understand the economical sustainability of these plants, an analysis of the influence of capital expenditures and operating expenditures on the return of investment is included in the discussion. Finally, a literature review on prototypes and pre-market reactors is used as a basis for spotting the characteristics of the system that will likely resolve issues around fuel flexibility, cost efficiency and load variability.

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“…Technical and economic analysis of the system (a gasifiera mobile power ganerator), which was made in the research [7][8], makes it possible to show the economic effectiveness of using these systems as compared to using gasoline fuel. But as follows from the research [7], the environmental performance of the power generator was not controlled either. The power generator environmental performance was controlled in the research [8] but only for wood, as that gasifier construction was not suitable for generating gas from straw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigational study of environmental performance of power generator operating on generator gas

Kukharets¹,

Sukmaniuk²,

Yarosh³

et al. 2021

Engineering for Rural Development

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The analysis of scientific investigations makes it possible to make a conclusion about the usefulness of the generator gas as a fuel for internal combustion engines of mobile power generators. Under the conditions of agricultural production and in rural areas, the generator gas can be generated from biomass (wood, straw, corn stalks and other plant refuse). The paper recommends to use a gasifier of the reverse process for gas generation. The side of the recovery zone of the gasifier is 200 mm long, and the recovery zone is -70 mm high. The number of tuyere holes is 20, the diameter of the tuyere holes is 10 mm. The research was conducted in order to determine the effects of the produced generating capacity on generator gas and air consumption, as well as on emissions of greenhouse gases (CxHу and CО). The paper shows the nature of the effects of the produced generating capacity on generator gas and air consumption by the engine of a mobile power generator. As follows from the investigation, under the generating capacity, which corresponds to nominal electric generator charge, under the use of generator gas generated from wood CO emission is up to 25 times less, and CxHу emission is up to 9 times less as compared to gasoline fuel. While using the generator gas generated from straw, CO emission is up to 25 times less, and CxHу emission is up to 4 times less as compared to gasoline fuel. The paper also shows the results of the investigation as to the impact of the engine exhaust supply of a power generator engine into the combustion area of a gas generator on the power generator schedule, as well as on the dynamic pattern of the generated effective power.

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Techno-economic study of a small scale gasifier applied to an indoor hemp farm: From energy savings to biochar effects on productivity

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Low Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) Energy Crops to Bioenergy and Biofuels—A Review

Low Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) Energy Crops to Bioenergy and Biofuels—A Review

Barriers to Success: A Technical Review on the Limits and Possible Future Roles of Small Scale Gasifiers

Investigational study of environmental performance of power generator operating on generator gas

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