Techno-economic evaluation of the effects of impurities on conditioning and transport of CO 2 by pipeline

Abstract

This study analyses the effect of transporting 13.1 MTPA CO 2 with impurities over a distance of 500 km on the operating and investment costs. In the cases study, two different impurity levels coming as a result of gas sweetening (GAS) and from capture from oxy-fuel combustion (OXY). The analysis includes the cost for the conditioning and the compression of the CO 2 stream after capture, from atmospheric conditions to transport conditions in the dense phase. In the calculation of the operating cost in terms of compression power and cooling requirements, the effect of the impurities are taken into account by using real thermo-physical properties depending of local fluid temperature and pressure and including heat transfer with the surroundings. The analysis investigates the total cost of choosing different pipeline diameters for transporting CO 2. The technical analysis shows that the number of required booster stations increases from 2 to 17 going from a 28" to an 18" pipeline and from 3 to 25 in the worst case with (GAS). In the second technical comparison, the feed flow rate for the CO 2 mixtures has been reduced so that the installed compression power for transport will be equal for all three cases. In this analysis a 24" pipeline with 4 booster stations was used. The techno-economic assessments show a significant impact of the impurity cases considered on the CO 2 conditioning and transport design and cost. Indeed, in the Oxy-feed and Gas-feed cases, the specific conditioning and transport costs are respectively 13 and 22% higher than in the Base-feed case for the cost-optimal diameter. In absolute value, this represents a direct increase of the specific conditioning and transport cost of 2.3 and 3.8 €/t CO2,avoided . Even if the cost evaluation leads to the same cost optimal diameter for the three impurity cases considered, it is important to note that this result is specific to the transport system considered in this paper and that in principle different impurity cases can lead to different cost-optimal diameters especially for low pipeline diameters. The impact of impurities on an existing pipeline infrastructure design not taking into account these potential impurities show an even stronger cost impact. Indeed, the cost evaluations shows that the specific cost of the Oxy-feed and Gas-feed cases can be expected to be respectively at least around 20 and 40% more expensive than in the Base-feed case due to the lower amounts of CO 2 transported and the important cost-penalty associated with the CO 2 emissions not transported. Finally, while the cost presented here considered only the impact of impurities on the conditioning and transport cost, impurities can also be expected to have a significant impact on the technical and economic performances of the whole CCS chain. This therefore highlights the importance of evaluating, on a case-to-case basis, the tradeoffs between impact of impurities on the CCS cost and cost of impurities removal in order to provide recommendations on cost-optimal level of imp...

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