Techno-Economic Evaluation of Hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind Energy Systems for Indonesian Government Buildings

Abstract

The burgeoning population in Indonesia necessitates an escalation in energy provision. The reliance on diminishing fossil fuels, coupled with their adverse environmental repercussions, propels the exploration of renewable alternatives. This study investigates the techno-economic viability of implementing hybrid photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine systems across government edifices within five urban locales: Semarang, Surabaya, Yogyakarta, Jakarta, and Denpasar. Employing the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER), simulations and optimizations of the hybrid systems were conducted, aiming to fulfil an electrical demand of 2636.1 kWh. The analysis is predicated on a 25-year operational lifespan. Results indicate that Denpasar presents the optimum potential for the hybrid system, with an annual electricity generation of 1,360,195 kWh surpassing the consumption demand of 1,214,136 kWh. The Net Present Cost (NPC) is calculated at IDR 27,529,340,000.00 and the Cost of Energy (COE) at IDR 997.17, yielding an attractive investment prospect with a Break Even Point (BEP) at 8.2 years. The estimated initial outlay for the Denpasar government building's PV system stands at IDR 4,149,376,743.96. The findings underscore the financial and technical feasibility of harnessing solar and wind synergies for sustainable energy solutions in Indonesian government infrastructure. These outcomes have pivotal implications for policymaking and strategic energy planning, demonstrating a replicable model for renewable integration in similar tropical regions.