Techno-economic and off-design analysis of stand-alone, distributed-scale reversible solid oxide cell energy storage systems

Reznicek, Evan; Braun, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.08.087

Cited by 42 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Some mathematical assumptions are made in order to attune the problem to fit the optimization approach, while some assumptions are just made due to the lack of available RSOC operation data. The RSOC operation, for example, is assumed to be linear, even though the RSOC operation is slightly non-linear according to several sources [21,30]. The performance of the RSOC is, in practice, also highly dependent on the operation temperature [30], which is not taken into account in this study, since it would considerably complicate the problem formulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In SOEC mode, the RSOC consumes electricity and water in order to produce hydrogen and oxygen through a redox reaction. In SOFC mode, the redox process is run in reverse, so that the RSOC consumes hydrogen and produces electricity, heat and water [20,21]. An RSOC together with a hydrogen compressor and a compressed hydrogen storage can be used as an energy storage system which is able to store energy in the form of hydrogen gas.…”

Section: Case Study: Reversible Solid Oxide Cell and Hydrogen Storage System For Seasonal Storage Of Solar Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A MILP Optimization Method for Building Seasonal Energy Storage: A Case Study for a Reversible Solid Oxide Cell and Hydrogen Storage System

et al. 2020

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A new method for the optimization of seasonal energy storage is presented and applied in a case study. The optimization method uses an interval halving approach to solve computationally demanding mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problems with both integer and non-integer operation variables (variables that vary from time step to time step in during energy storage system operation). The seasonal energy storage in the case study uses a reversible solid oxide cell (RSOC) to convert electricity generated by solar photovoltaic (PV) panels into hydrogen gas and to convert hydrogen gas back to electricity while also generating some heat. Both the case study results and the optimization method accuracy are examined and discussed in the paper. In the case study, the operation of the RSOC and hydrogen storage system is compared with the operation of a reference system without energy storage. The results of the study show that installing an RSOC and hydrogen storage system could increase the utilization of onsite renewable energy generation significantly. Overall, the optimization method presents a relatively accurate solution to the case study optimization problem and a sensibility analysis shows a clear and logical pattern.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Study: Reversible Solid Oxide Cell and Hydrogen Storage System For Seasonal Storage Of Solar Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

A MILP Optimization Method for Building Seasonal Energy Storage: A Case Study for a Reversible Solid Oxide Cell and Hydrogen Storage System

et al. 2020

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“…The proposed process system is especially attractive as it can provide electrical grid arbitration by producing electricity when gas price is low and vice versa, link electrical energy industry with chemical process industry, and the methane produced can be directly supplied to the natural gas grid without the need for storage tanks. Rezniecek showed in their detailed techno‐economic analysis that cost of storage can be as high 32% of the total capital cost. By supplying the product gas directly to the natural gas grid, the capital cost associated with the storage tanks can be reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rezniecek [40] showed in their detailed techno-economic analysis that cost of storage can be as high 32% of the total capital cost. By supplying the product gas directly to the natural gas grid, the capital cost associated with the storage tanks can be reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electricity Arbitration and Sector Coupling with an Experimentally Validated Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Reactor System Connected to the Natural Gas Grid

2020

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Chemical energy storage offers an attractive solution for the arbitration of intermittent renewable electricity due to its higher energy storage capacity and storage duration. Reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC) reactor systems can efficiently operate in electrolysis operation to convert electrical energy to chemical energy or in fuel cell mode to convert chemical energy back to electrical energy. Natural gas is widely used in the chemical industry as a source of energy and hydrogen. Hence, storing electrical energy in the form of synthetic natural gas can couple electricity arbitration with chemical process industries. A methane‐based rSOC system concept for the purpose of energy storage and sector coupling is investigated. A process system analysis is performed based on an experimental study of a commercially available rSOC reactor. A validated rSOC reactor model is used to identify optimal system operating conditions. The proposed system concept achieves a chemical to electrical energy conversion efficiency of 57% and electrical to chemical energy conversion efficiency of 93% based on first law and lower heating value. A net electrical storage efficiency of 53% can be achieved.

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“…In the last couple of years, experimental and numerical studies mainly focused on cell design, fabrication process, system design/off‐design and techno‐economics , . However, only few studies dealt with transient behavior, particularly regarding the mode switch between SOFC and SOEC operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Modeling of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells

Wehrle

Wang

Banerjee

et al. 2019

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Reversible solid oxide cells (rSOCs) are highly efficient devices, which allow either the generation of electric power or the storage of energy via fuel production. In this paper, the characteristics of the mode switch are investigated by applying a dynamic 3D stack model. The responses of temperature, current density, and species mole fractions regarding a switch from storage (SOEC) to generation mode (SOFC) are examined in detail. Additionally, the impact of using excess air and continuous voltage variations to limit temperature gradients and fluctuations during the mode switch are analyzed.

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Techno-economic and off-design analysis of stand-alone, distributed-scale reversible solid oxide cell energy storage systems

Cited by 42 publications

References 69 publications

A MILP Optimization Method for Building Seasonal Energy Storage: A Case Study for a Reversible Solid Oxide Cell and Hydrogen Storage System

A MILP Optimization Method for Building Seasonal Energy Storage: A Case Study for a Reversible Solid Oxide Cell and Hydrogen Storage System

Electricity Arbitration and Sector Coupling with an Experimentally Validated Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Reactor System Connected to the Natural Gas Grid

Dynamic Modeling of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells

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