Techno-economic and environmental design of an optimal hybrid energy system for a community multimedia centre in Cameroon

Abstract

Hybrid Renewable Energy System is a very good solution to the energy deficit encounter in developing countries. The paper presents the optimal design of a hybrid renewable energy system regarding the technical aspect that is Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP), economic aspect that is Cost of Electricity (COE) and Net Present Cost (NPC) and environmental aspect that is Total Greenhouse gases emission (TGE) aspects using a multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for a Community multimedia center in MAKENENE, Cameroon. Optimal configurations including Photovoltaic (PV), Wind, Battery and Diesel generator (DG), separated into Scenarios 1–7 of hybrid energy systems are tested to have the most appropriate Scenario. Scenario 3 (Hybrid system with PV, Battery and DG) with Loss of Power Supply Probability, Cost of Electricity, Net Present Cost and Emission of 0.003%, 0.132 $/kWh, 38,817.7 $ and 2.2 kg/year respectively is found to be the most appropriate for the Community multimedia center.

Off grid PV/Diesel/Wind/Batteries energy system options for the electrification of isolated regions of Chad

“…The battery storage capacity is given by equation (4) [ 26 ]: where E L represents the daily average load, AD; the number of autonomy days, and are respectively the battery and the inverter efficiency, and DOD is the battery's depth of discharge.…”

Optimal siting and sizing of custom power system and smart parking lot in the active distribution network

“…In this study, backward/forward sweep power flow is used to obtain the mentioned constraints. Branch-current to bus voltage matrix and bus-injection to branch-current matrix are defined as (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) to buses voltage deviation in this section. All of the equations are written on radial distribution system, which is studied in [32]: Acquire the initial optimal plans for each objective Perform TOPSIS approach for all plans through (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) Sort all plans based on mean distance from anti-ideal solution Final ranking of the plans End FIGURE 3 Flowchart of the proposed method.…”

“…In [16], a new approach is introduced to the optimal siting and sizing of APLCs in the distribution network. The impacts of APLC's ideal arrangement in reducing harmonics' negative effects on bus voltage have been assessed in [17]. In a system with non‐linear loads, harmonic power flow (HPF) is utilized to calculate the voltage and current of the 18‐bus IEEE system's branches and buses [18].…”

Multi-Objective Optimization of an Islanded Green Energy System Utilizing Sophisticated Hybrid Metaheuristic Approach

“…A wide body of research on hybrid systems proposes a range of traditional and evolutionary algorithms for determining optimal component sizing. A myriad of metaheuristic evolutionary algorithms have been developed to tackle the pervasive problem of traditional techniques falling into local minima, particularly in gridindependent frameworks using PV/WT/DG/BS components [34].…”