The DESERTEC concept for energy, water, and climate security was published by the Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC) a decade ago in late 2007 in form of a whitebook presented at the European Parliament. Being as fascinating as resilient, it created big expectations and a considerable hype that was tangible in many international public and political discussions. Nevertheless, the original concept was lost on the way, when a multitude of experts and consultants started to speculate about a futuristic infrastructure called supergrid instead of concentrating on a concrete first point-to-point power line interconnecting a flexible solar power plant in the desert (provider) with a demand center in Europe (offtaker). The article at hand explains the original concept, diversions that lead to failure, and options to restart a concrete business case for a solar energy partnership in the EUMENA region.In the meantime, the leading class may also have changed, although perhaps not as much as would be desirable.In this context, the title of this paper looks extremely ambitious in several senses: firstly it treats Europe, Middle East, and North Africa (EUMENA) as if it was one region, secondly, it re-starts thinking about the venture of energy cooperation within this region and thirdly, it aims at sustainable energy supply. In times of blooming populism, separatism, and nationalism each one of these innovations alone looks like unreachable fiction, and much more altogether.Furthermore, the title above is very similar to that of a Whitebook that was published a decade ago by the Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation in 2007 1 and a paper published by the German Aerospace Center DLR 2 . After being presented at the European Parliament, this paper started an unequaled hype about the so-called DESERTEC Initiative that had in mind to reach the abovementioned goals, but came to a sudden end in late 2014. So, recent history even tells us that our title story already had its chance, but failed to become reality.Why then should we write (or read) another paper about this issue? Perhaps, in order to try to learn from history?
The Vision of Cooperation for Sustainable EnergyA major lesson we can learn from the DESERTEC history is to not mix up first steps with long-term visions. Figure 1 3 illustrates the concept of EUMENA solar energy cooperation developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC) and later followed up by the DESERTEC Foundation that is based on producing flexible power on demand in