Techno-economic analysis of a hybrid system to power a mine in an off-grid area in Ghana

Ansong, Martin; Mensah, Lena Dzifa; Adaramola, Muyiwa S.

doi:10.1016/j.seta.2017.09.001

Cited by 48 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is because the electricity produced from RE can be used in the electrolysis of water in the fuel cell system [129]. The previous studies related to the fuel cell system are as follows (refer to Table 11) [130][131][132][133][134][135]. aimed to develop a framework for optimally applying the fuel-cell-based combined heat and power system to a multi-family housing complex.…”

Section: Part B-2: Back-up Systems For Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ansong et al (2017) conducted a techno-economic performance analysis of the hybrid electric power system (i.e., PV system, fuel cell system, and diesel generator) for an off-grid mine company using the HOMER software program to select the optimal energy system. As a result, it was shown that the optimal electric power system could produce 152.99 GWh electricity over a year when composed of 50 MW of PV system, 15 MW of fuel cell system, and 20 MW of diesel generator [135]. (2) ESS: RE is heavily affected by electricity generation based on the outdoor environment conditions (e.g., solar radiation, wind strength, etc.).…”

Section: Part B-2: Back-up Systems For Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…and the step of substituting the residual building energy demand through energy supply from active technologies (e.g., PV system with ESS) must be adopted. Most of the previous studies, however, were conducted by focusing on only one strategy (i.e., passive or active strategies) [130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142]. Therefore, an integrated analysis of the energy performance of a building where both passive and active strategies are applied should be performed in the early phase of a building's life cycle from the perspective of achieving nZEB.…”

Section: Integration Of the Passive And Active Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous studies analyzed in Section 2.2.2, most applied DR to analyze energy savings based on historical data [130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142]. However, in order to effectively manage the building from nZEB perspectives, it is necessary to obtain the energy demands and supply information in real-time.…”

Section: Developing An Integrated Real-time Monitoring System For Buimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Advanced Strategies for Net-Zero Energy Building: Focused on the Early Phase and Usage Phase of a Building’s Life Cycle

Hong

Kim

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:To cope with 'Post-2020', each country set its national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction target (e.g., South Korea: 37%) below its business-as-usual level by 2030. Toward this end, it is necessary to implement the net-zero energy building (nZEB) in the building sector, which accounts for more than 25% of the national GHG emissions and has a great potential to reduce GHG emissions. In this context, this study conducted a state-of-the-art review of nZEB implementation strategies in terms of passive strategies (i.e., passive sustainable design and energy-saving technique) and active strategies (i.e., renewable energy (RE) and back-up system for RE). Additionally, this study proposed the following advanced strategies for nZEB implementation according to a building's life cycle: (i) integration and optimization of the passive and active strategies in the early phase of a building's life cycle; (ii) real-time monitoring of the energy performance during the usage phase of a building's life cycle. It is expected that this study can help researchers, practitioners, and policymakers understand the overall implementation strategies for realizing nZEB.

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Section: Part B-2: Back-up Systems For Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Part B-2: Back-up Systems For Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Integration Of the Passive And Active Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Developing An Integrated Real-time Monitoring System For Buimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Advanced Strategies for Net-Zero Energy Building: Focused on the Early Phase and Usage Phase of a Building’s Life Cycle

Hong

Kim

et al. 2017

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is due to the fact that these studies focus on supplying electricity primarily for domestic purposes and do not account for productive use for industrial, business or community purposes (a significant oversight, considering that these are key drivers of socioeconomic development). In contrast, the study of a mine in Ghana (Ansong et al, 2017) found that the load profile was uniform, due to the mine being the primary consumer, and monthly variability was also found to be minimal. This result indicates that industrial loads are more uniform and less prone to seasonal variability than households, and serves to corroborate the approach of Amutha and Rajini (2016), who varied only domestic loads seasonally.…”

Section: Study Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 85%

UQ eSpace

Balaji¹

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The electrification of remote locations that lack grid-connectivity is a global challenge. In Australia, off-grid electricity accounts for 6% of total generation. At present these needs are met through the use of fossil fuels, resulting in a high electricity cost, and environmental consequences. With the present drive towards reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing the use of renewable energies, there is an opportunity to transition from the use of fossil fuels in remote locations to the use of renewables. In this regard, the hybridisation of renewable technologies with diesel generators has been shown to improve reliability and increase penetration. This project aims to explore the use of a hybrid renewable energy system consisting of solar photovoltaic (PV) with battery storage, concentrating solar thermal (CST) with thermal storage and diesel generators for off-grid power generation. The analysis considers two major consumer groups, viz. mining sites and communities, at three locations-Newman, Port Augusta and Halls Creek. In particular, the solar thermal system explored utilises a supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle, due to the suitability of this technology at scales appropriate for off-grid use. This is necessitated due to the fact that existing CST plants typically utilise a steam Rankine cycle, which suffers reduced efficiencies at small scales. Based on the existing literature, the proposed technologies have been found to present excellent suitability to this application. A key area of interest with regards to the CST plant is the turbine inlet temperature, due to higher temperatures presenting a higher power cycle efficiency, which offers a route to reduce energy costs. However, these higher temperatures increase the power cycle and receiver costs, due to the requirement of higher performance materials. Increases in receiver losses are also seen at higher temperatures. Similarly, the CST plant also presents increasing field losses with increasing size. In this analysis, three turbine inlet temperatures (namely 650°C, 800°C and 1000°C) are explored. A Python program was developed, encapsulating the thermodynamics and operating characteristics of each technology, to simulate the performance of the hybrid system over the course of one year, based on weather data and a synthetic load profile. This simulation was then used along with an optimisation function to identify the optimal mix of technologies in the hybrid system based on the minimum levelised cost of energy (LCOE). Using this program, results were generated for community and mining consumer groups at the three locations, and it was found that in both cases the optimal mix consists of CST as the primary source of baseload power, with 12-15 hours of thermal storage. While PV and diesel generators were both shown to be necessary, they represent a smaller fraction of the total energy production and serve as supplementary sources of power. Notably, none of the optima included battery storage, highlighting the high costs of this technology ...

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Techno‐economic evaluation of renewable energy systems combining PV‐WT‐HKT sources: Effects of energy management under Ecuadorian conditions

Arévalo

Benavides

Lata‐García

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Sustainable development reached a new energy paradigm in recent decades, by promoting renewable generation technologies. The present study performs a techno-economic analysis of several hybrid energy systems that combine wind generators, photovoltaic systems, hydrokinetic turbines, lead acid batteries, and diesel generators in southern Ecuador. From real data, the sizing optimization of each renewable system was done under three proposed energy control algorithms. Then, the combinations of renewable systems are compared based on costs, energy, and environment. Additionally, this study includes several sensitivity analyzes varying the cost of the components and fuel, minimum state of charge in batteries, scaled electric load and time step to better understand the impact caused in each renewable hybrid system. The results show that a system composed of three renewable sources under load following and cycle charging energy controls, is cheaper and less polluting with respect to any combination of sources proposed. In addition to this, the systems that include photovoltaic systems and diesel generators present lower cost, 0.36 US$/kWh in the best case. To reduce the operability of the diesel List of Symbols and Abbreviations: P PV , output power of a photovoltaic system (kW); Y PV , rated capacity of the photovoltaic array (kW); f PV , photovoltaic derating factor (%); G T , incident solar radiation on the photovoltaic array (kW/m 2); G T,STC , incident solar radiation at standard test conditions (kW/m 2); α P , power coefficient of photovoltaic array (%/ C); T c , photovoltaic cell temperature (C); T c,STC , photovoltaic cell temperature at standard test conditions (C); η mp , maximum power point efficiency of photovoltaic array at standard test conditions (%); τ, solar transmittance of the photovoltaic array (%); α, solar absorptance of the photovoltaic array (%); P WT , output power of wind turbine (kW); v cin , cut in wind speed (m/s); v count , cut off wind speed (m/s); v r , rated wind speed (m/s); P rated , nominal power limit of wind turbine (kW); ρ air , air density (kg/m 3); R, rotor radius of wind turbine (m); C p , power coefficient of wind turbine (%); v i , wind speed (m/s); P HKT , hydrokinetic turbine electrical power output (kW); ρ w , water density (kg/m 3); C p,H , hydrokinetic turbine performance coefficient (%); η HKT , combined hydrokinetic turbine-generator efficiency (%); A, hydrokinetic turbine sweep area (m 2); v, river speed (m/s); t, time (s); E HKT , energy of hydrokinetic turbine (kWh); P DG , diesel generator electrical power output (kW); η DG , diesel generator efficiency (%); E batt (t), energy stored in batteries over time t (kWh); E batt (t − 1), energy stored in batteries over time (t − 1) (kWh); σ, battery self-discharge rate; η batt , efficiency of battery during the charging process (%); P Linv (t), power of bidirectional converter in alternating current (kW); P inv (t), power of bidirectional converter in direct current (kW); η inv , efficiency of bidirectional converter (%); C...

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Techno-economic analysis of a hybrid system to power a mine in an off-grid area in Ghana

Cited by 48 publications

References 11 publications

Advanced Strategies for Net-Zero Energy Building: Focused on the Early Phase and Usage Phase of a Building’s Life Cycle

Advanced Strategies for Net-Zero Energy Building: Focused on the Early Phase and Usage Phase of a Building’s Life Cycle

UQ eSpace

Techno‐economic evaluation of renewable energy systems combining PV‐WT‐HKT sources: Effects of energy management under Ecuadorian conditions

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