Techniques for Traceable Measurements of Small Currents

Callegaro, Luca; D'Elia, Vincenzo; Capra, Pier Paolo; Sosso, A.

doi:10.1109/tim.2007.890800

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The comparison at ±1 nA involves the capacitance-charging source (including E) and a standard calibration setup based on the Ohm's law method. The setup for Ohm's law method is based on a high-valued resistor R and a calibrated dc voltage source V and similar to that described in [18], [19].…”

Section: B Comparison At 1 Na Versus Ohm's Law Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of Reference DC Currents at 1 nA Level With the Capacitance-Charging Method

Callegaro

Capra

D'Elia

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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The capacitance-charging method is a wellestablished and handy technique for the generation of dc current in the 100 pA range or lower. This method involves a capacitance standard and a sampling voltmeter, highly stable devices easy to calibrate, and it is robust and insensitive to the voltage burden of the instrument being calibrated. In this paper, we propose a range extender amplifier, which can be employed as a plug-in component in existing calibration setups, and allows the generation of currents in the 1 nA range. The extender has been employed in the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica setup and validated with two comparisons at 100 pA and 1 nA current levels. The calibration accuracy achieved on a top-class instrument is 5 × 10 −5 at 1 nA.

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Section: B Comparison At 1 Na Versus Ohm's Law Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of Reference DC Currents at 1 nA Level With the Capacitance-Charging Method

Callegaro

Capra

D'Elia

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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“…For example, when in a measurement circuit other sensitive instruments are involved besides them, common mode and power supply noises may lead to measurement errors. In particular at higher voltages noises and disturbs of DC Voltage calibrators and MFCs can be significant due to their many internal circuits [11]. An attempt to reduce these problems was tried with the employed technique for the development of the THVS that was projected to operate disconnected from mains as all its circuits can be supplied by means of a set of lead batteries that are recharged when the device is not under measure.…”

Section: Description Of the Thvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A lack in availability of high performance DC Voltage Standards also for ILC's exists at voltages upper than 10 V. DC Voltage calibrators and MFC's are now the most employed Reference Standards for DC Voltages up to 1000 V. They assure high stability and accuracy, remote control and commercial availability. On the other hand, they can sometimes suffer of noise problems at their input stage [11] and can be damaged during transports due to their dimensions and sensitivity to mechanical stresses. For this reason the risk to use these instruments in multilateral ILCs, where the traveling standards have to perform several trips and in different transport conditions, can be considerably high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High accuracy transportable selectable-Value High Dc Voltage Standard

Galliana

Cerri

Tet

2015

17th International Congress of Metrology

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Resumé. À l'Institut national de recherche metrologique (INRIM) il a été développé un étalon de haute tension continue avec des valeurs sélectionnables de 10 V à 100 V pour compenser le manque d'étalons de haut niveau de tension continue d'une valeur supérieure à 10 V pour les comparaisons interlaboratoires de haut niveau. Il a été utilisé une nouvelle technique électronique de terre mobile. L'étalon développé a un bruit inférieur et il a la stabilité égal à celle des calibrateurs de tension continue ou multifonction de haut niveau largement utilisé dans les laboratoires d'étalonnage électriques; il a aussi une meilleure attitude à être transporté pour les comparaisons interlaboratoires. Le projet est extensible jusqu'à 1000 V..

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“…6d, the current is so small that the conventional measurement method might fail in this case. Some possible solutions have been presented in [22][23], which is beyond the scope of this paper.…”

Section: Instantaneous Variables Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time grid impedance estimation technique for grid-connected power converters

Guo

Wang

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics

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Grid impedance is one of the most important parameters for operating and controlling of grid-connected converters, especially with the high penetration of renewable energy sources into microgrid and smart grid. One of the technical challenges is how to fast and accurately estimate the grid impedance, even under the distorted and unbalanced conditions. Many impedance estimation methods have been presented in the past decades. Most of them intentionally inject one or more disturbance signals, low frequency or high frequency, to excite the grid response. And then the grid impedance can be estimated by the voltage/current information of two steady-state operating points before and after the disturbance. However, these injected disturbances will deteriorate the power quality. In order to mitigate the problem, a new impedance estimation method is presented in this paper. Its basic idea lies in the inherent switching feature of the gridconnected power converter. Therefore, the grid impedance can be easily estimated with no need of the intentionally injected disturbance signals anymore. The theoretical analysis and performance evaluation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.I.

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Techniques for Traceable Measurements of Small Currents

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Generation of Reference DC Currents at 1 nA Level With the Capacitance-Charging Method

Generation of Reference DC Currents at 1 nA Level With the Capacitance-Charging Method

High accuracy transportable selectable-Value High Dc Voltage Standard

Real-time grid impedance estimation technique for grid-connected power converters

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