Techniques for preventing hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section

Chooi, Cheryl; Cox, Julia J; Lumb, Richard; Middleton, Philippa; Chemali, Mark; Emmett, Richard S; Simmons, S. W.; Cyna, Allan M

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002251.pub4

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 277 publications

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“…Latest meta-analysis showed that vasoconstrictor (such as metaraminol, norepinephrine and phenylephrine) intervention was effective and safe in preventing and treating neuraxial anaesthesiarelated hypotension in healthy parturients. Leg compression and uid load might be also helpful (Pereira, Grando et al, 2011;Chooi, Cox et al, 2020;Singh, Singh et al, 2020). Present study also reported similar intervention of vasoconstrictor and uids in COVID-19 parturients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Incidence and Associated Factors for Neuraxial Anaesthesia-Related Hypotension in COVID-19 Parturients Undergoing Caesarean Delivery: A Multicenter Case-Control Study

Zhang

Chen

Cao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: COVID-19 continues to spread globally and results in additional challenges for perioperative management in parturients. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and identify associated factors for neuraxial anaesthesia-related hypotension in COVDI-19 parturients during caesarean delivery.Methods: We performed a multicenter case-control study at 3 medical institutions in Hubei province, China form 1th January to 30th May 2020. All ASA Physical Status II full termed pregnant women who received caesarean delivery under neuraxial anaesthesia were eligible for inclusion. The univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to identified the independent predictors of neuraxial anaesthesia-related hypotension.Results: Present study included 102 COVID-19 parturients. The incidence of neuraxial anaesthesia-related hypotension was 58%. Maternal abnormal lymphocyte count (OR = 3.41, p = 0.03), full stomach (OR = 3.22, p = 0.04), baseline heart rate (OR = 1.04, p = 0.03), experience of anaesthetist (OR = 0.86, p = 0.02) and surgeon (OR = 0.76, p = 0.03), and combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia technique (OR = 3.27, p = 0.02) were associated with neuraxial anaesthesia-related hypotension. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve achieved 0.83 which was significantly higher than 0.5 (p < 0.001). And the sensitivity, specificity and percentage correct were 75%, 79% and 75%, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a good calibration of the model (H = 2.01, DF = 8, p = 0.98).Conclusions: Maternal abnormal lymphocyte count, full stomach, baseline heart rate, experience of anaesthetist and surgeon, and combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia technique were identified as the independent predictors of neuraxial anaesthesia-related hypotension.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Incidence and Associated Factors for Neuraxial Anaesthesia-Related Hypotension in COVID-19 Parturients Undergoing Caesarean Delivery: A Multicenter Case-Control Study

Zhang

Chen

Cao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Infusion of crystalloid solutions results in its redistribution to extravascular compartment and induces atrial natriuretic peptide secretion which might augment lowering blood pressure because of its natriuretic, diuretic, and vasodilatory effects [ 24 ]. Infusion of colloid solutions on the other hand, despite remaining in intravascular space for a longer duration, is not popular routinely due to its increased cost, possibility of derangement of coagulation, suppression of platelet activity and the risk of anaphylaxis [ 25 ]. When it comes to vasoconstrictors, they cause tachycardia and hypertension which may worsen associated myocardial ischemia [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dexamethasone blunts postspinal hypotension in geriatric patients undergoing orthopedic surgery: a double blind, placebo-controlled study

et al. 2021

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Background Post-spinal anesthesia (PSA) hypotension in elderly patients is challenging. Correction of PSA hypotension by fluids either colloids or crystalloids or by vasoconstrictors pose the risk of volume overload or compromising cardiac conditions. Dexamethasone is used to treat conditions manifested by decrease of peripheral vascular resistance. The research team was the first to test the hypothesis of its role in preventing or decreasing the incidence of PSA hypotension. Methods One hundred ten patients, aged 60 years or more were recruited to receive a single preoperative dose of dexamethasone 8 mg IVI in 100 ml normal saline (D group) (55 patients) 2 h preoperatively, and 55 patients were given placebo (C group) in a randomized, double-blind trial. Variations in blood pressure and heart rate in addition to the needs of ephedrine and/or atropine following spinal anesthesia (SA) were recorded. SA was achieved using subarachnoid injection of 3 ml hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5%. Results Demographic data and the quality of sensory and motor block were comparable between groups. At 5th, 10th minutes post SA; systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures were statistically significant higher in D group. At 20th minutes post SA; the obtained blood pressure readings and heart rate changes didn’t show any statistically significance between groups. The need for ephedrine and side effects were statistically significant lower in D group than C group. Conclusion Post-spinal anesthesia hypotension, nausea, vomiting and shivering in elderly patients were less common after receiving a single preoperative dose of dexamethasone 8 mg IVI than control. Registration number ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT 03664037, Registered 17 September 2018 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.ClinicalTrial.gov

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“…Nevertheless, a recent study declared that the hemodynamic parameters derived from a non-invasive cardiac output monitoring system were not statistically different between the left-tilt and supine position ( 28 ). Pre-administration of vasoconstrictor and volume most likely concealed the appearance of hypotension ( 18 , 29 , 30 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk of Neuraxial Anesthesia-Related Hypotension in COVID-19 Parturients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study

et al. 2021

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Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection was referred to sympathetic hyperactivity, which might increase the susceptibility of neuraxial anesthesia-related hypotension resulted from sympathetic inhibition. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, propensity score matched (PSM) cohort study to determine whether COVID-19 parturients have an increased risk of hypotension after neuraxial anesthesia for cesarean delivery.Methods: Clinical data of COVID-19 parturients were collected from the electronic medical records from 1th January to 31th May, 2020 in three hospitals of Hubei Province, China. Information of Control parturients (without COVID-19) were obtained at the same institutions over a similar period in 2019. All American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status II full termed pregnant women who received cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia were included. The primary objective was to obtain and compare the incidence of neuraxial anesthesia-related hypotension. Secondary objectives were the analysis of anesthetic implementation and administration, intraoperative maternal vital signs and adverse reactions, and neonatal Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after delivery. The clinical characteristics of COVID-19 parturients were also analyzed. PSM was derived to balance the predictors for neuraxial anesthesia-related hypotension based on previous studies.Results: In present study, 101 COVID-19 parturients and 186 Control parturients were derived from 1,403 cases referenced to propensity score matching. The incidence of neuraxial anesthesia-related hypotension was 57.4% in COVID-19 parturients and 41.9% in Control parturients with an incidence risk ratio (IRR) of 1.37 (95% CI 1.08–1.74; P = 0.012; post-hoc Cramér's V = 0.15) in the PSM cohort. The incidences of nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and shaking were significantly higher in the COVID-19 group than Control group (48.5 vs. 17.2%, P < 0.001; 10.9 vs. 4.3%, P = 0.03; 18.8 vs. 3.2%, P < 0.001; 51.5 vs. 18.3%, P < 0.001; respectively). The Apgar scores at 1 min was significantly lower in newborns from COVID-19 parturients than that in Control babies (P = 0.04).Conclusions: An increased risk of neuraxial anesthesia-related hypotension in COVID-19 parturients undergoing cesarean delivery should be stressed.

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Techniques for preventing hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section

Cited by 29 publications

References 277 publications

Incidence and Associated Factors for Neuraxial Anaesthesia-Related Hypotension in COVID-19 Parturients Undergoing Caesarean Delivery: A Multicenter Case-Control Study

Incidence and Associated Factors for Neuraxial Anaesthesia-Related Hypotension in COVID-19 Parturients Undergoing Caesarean Delivery: A Multicenter Case-Control Study

Dexamethasone blunts postspinal hypotension in geriatric patients undergoing orthopedic surgery: a double blind, placebo-controlled study

The Risk of Neuraxial Anesthesia-Related Hypotension in COVID-19 Parturients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study

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