Cytosollc calcium In the myocardium Is rapidly accumulated during Ischemia and has been correlated with the attenuation of functional recovery In the myocardium. The aged myocardium Is more sensitive to Ischemia and accumulates significantly more cytosollc cal· clum than either the newborn or the mature myocardium. Modification of the age-related pro· penalty to Increased cytosollc calcium accumulation may be achieved through the use of magnesium or potassium/magnesium cardioplegia. Improved postlschemlc ventricular func· tlon obtained with magnesium or potassium/magnesium cardioplegia may have Important lm· pllcatlons In the reduction of myocardial morbidity and mortality. (J Card Surg 1994; 9[Supp/]:449-452)