Techniques for Extraction, Isolation, and Standardization of Bio-active Compounds from Medicinal Plants

Hussain, Mohammad Kamil; Saquib, Mohammad; Khan, Mohammad Faheem

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-7205-6_8

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Then, the leaves were ground into a fine powder using a grinder and sieved to get fine powder. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts were prepared as per previous extraction protocols ( Hussain et al, 2019 ). The plant powder (1 g) was soaked in 100 ml of 80% ethanol and 90% methanol and kept in a hot water bath at 50°C for 3–4 h. Then, the extract was filtered using a 0.45-μm Whatman filter paper and stored at −20°C for further use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Potential of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized From Swertia chirayita Leaf Extract on Colorectal Cancer Cells

Berehu

Anupriya

Khan

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Chemotherapy side effects, medication resistance, and tumor metastasis impede the advancement of cancer treatments, resulting in a poor prognosis for cancer patients. In the last decade, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising drug delivery system. Swertia chirayita has long been used as a treatment option to treat a variety of ailments. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized from ethanolic and methanolic extract of S. chirayita leaves. ZnO-NPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron Microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Its anti-cancer activities were analyzed using cytotoxicity assays [MTT assay and acridine orange (AO) staining] and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) using colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (HCT-116 and Caco-2) and control cells (HEK-293). The ZnO-NPs synthesized from the ethanolic extract of S. chirayita have an average size of 24.67 nm, whereas those from methanolic extract have an average size of 22.95 nm with a spherical shape. MTT assay showed NPs’ cytotoxic potential on cancer cells (HCT-116 and Caco-2) when compared to control cells (HEK-293). The IC50 values of ethanolic and methanolic extract ZnO-NPs for HCT-116, Caco-2, and HEK-293 were 34.356 ± 2.71 and 32.856 ± 2.99 μg/ml, 52.15 ± 8.23 and 63.1 ± 12.09 μg/ml, and 582.84 ± 5.26 and 615.35 ± 4.74 μg/ml, respectively. Acridine orange staining confirmed the ability of ZnO-NPs to induce apoptosis. qRT-PCR analysis revealed significantly enhanced expression of E-cadherin whereas a reduced expression of vimentin and CDK-1. Altogether, these results suggested anti-cancer properties of synthesized ZnO-NPs in CRC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Potential of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized From Swertia chirayita Leaf Extract on Colorectal Cancer Cells

Berehu

Anupriya

Khan

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…As the plants were grown and harvested under the same conditions, the environmental impact on differences in their metabolic profile was thus eliminated. The extracts were prepared upon conventional extract preparation procedures: maceration with 50 % methanol or ethanol and cold or hot water infusion [ 9 ]. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study comparing composition of crude hydroalcoholic and water extracts of two different H. italicum subspecies using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection-Electrospray Ionization-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS Determination of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Comparison of the Hydroalcoholic and Water Extracts from Two Helichrysum italicum Species

et al. 2020

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Mediterranean plant Helichrysum italicum represents a rich source of versatile bioactive compounds with potential benefits for human health. Despite extensive research on the plant’s active constituents, little attention has yet been paid to characterizing the relationship between its intra-specific genetic diversity and metabolite profile. The study aimed to determine metabolic profile of H. italicum ssp. italicum (HII) and ssp. tyrrhenicum (HIT) cultivated on the experimental plantation in Slovenia and to compare the chemical composition of extracts regarding the solvent extraction process. Extracts were prepared upon conventional extract preparation procedures: maceration with 50% methanol or ethanol and cold or hot water infusion and analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection-Electrospray Ionization-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS). One hundred compounds were identified in the samples, among them several isomers and derivatives were reported for the first time, while caffeoylquinic acids and pyrones were the most abundant. Semi-quantitative comparison revealed that the extraction procedure had a greater impact on the chemical profile than genetic variability. All HIT extracts showed a higher total phenolic content compared to HII, while the antioxidant potential evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil test was not proportionally higher. In addition, hot water extracts proved to be comparably active as alcoholic ones, confirming high commercial potential of Helichrysum italicum as herbal functional beverages.

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“…For instance, mechanical grinding creates particles that can reach a size of 400 μm (19), whereas spray drying produces particles of 50-100 μm (10). Larger particles take a long time to complete the extraction process (22). Lowering the particle size of the plant powder increases surface contact between plant particles and the extraction solvent to produce efficient extraction and higher quality extract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro investigation of antibacterial activity of Gum Arabic prepared by two different processing methods against Enterococcus faecalis

Elmubarak,

Ibrahim,

Gareeballah

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: faecalis is a known cause of endodontic treatment failure. Synthetic drugs have been preferred for over decades but recently many plants have been reported for their antibacterial activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of mechanically ground and spray dried Acacia senegal against Enterococcus faecalis. Method: Antibacterial susceptibility test against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) has been performed for 200mg of ethanolic extracts of spray dried & mechanically ground Gum Arabic. Sodium Hypochlorite (1%), Chlorhexidine (0.2%) and Antibiotic multi disc for gram positive bacteria have been used as positive controls and ethanol as a negative control. The diameter of the inhibition zones have been measured. Results: spray dried Gum Arabic (14.67 mm) was significantly higher than mechanically ground (8.67mm). (p-value=0.02) Gum Arabic, with both processing methods, exhibited lower antibacterial activity against E. faecalis than chlorhexidine (0.2%).The result was significant with mechanically ground variant (P-value=.005), but the spray dried Gum showed no significance. Spray dried Gum Arabic displayed significantly higher antibacterial activity against E. faecalis than (Tetracycline 300mcg) (p-value=.0049). While mechanically ground showed lower antibacterial activity than Tetracycline with no statistical significance. Conclusion: Method of Gum Arabic processing affected its antibacterial potency. Spray-dried Gum Arabic is considered an active antibacterial agent against E. faecalis, while mechanically ground type is considered a non-active.

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Techniques for Extraction, Isolation, and Standardization of Bio-active Compounds from Medicinal Plants

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Cytotoxic Potential of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized From Swertia chirayita Leaf Extract on Colorectal Cancer Cells

Cytotoxic Potential of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized From Swertia chirayita Leaf Extract on Colorectal Cancer Cells

HPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS Determination of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Comparison of the Hydroalcoholic and Water Extracts from Two Helichrysum italicum Species

In vitro investigation of antibacterial activity of Gum Arabic prepared by two different processing methods against Enterococcus faecalis

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