Techniques for Design and Implementation of Secure Reconfigurable PUFs

Abstract

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) provide a basis for many security and digital rights management protocols. PUF-based security approaches have numerous comparative strengths with respect to traditional cryptography-based techniques, including resilience against physical and side channel attacks and suitability for lightweight protocols. However, classical delay-based PUF structures have a number of drawbacks including susceptibility to guessing, reverse engineering, and emulation attacks, as well as sensitivity to operational and environmental variations.To address these limitations, we have developed a new set of techniques for FPGA-based PUF design and implementation. We demonstrate how reconfigurability can be exploited to eliminate the stated PUF limitations. We also show how FPGA-based PUFs can be used for privacy protection. Furthermore, reconfigurability enables the introduction of new techniques for PUF testing. The effectiveness of all the proposed techniques is validated using extensive implementations, simulations, and statistical analysis.

A Survey of Hardware Trojan Taxonomy and Detection

“…31 The method proposed by Majzoobi, Koushanfar, and Potkonjak safeguards the PUFs by using an input network that avoids individual controlling of the challenges, and an XOR output network that compresses the responses so that they cannot be reverseengineered. 32 Even though attempts have been made to break this type of safeguard, no polynomial method for learning the PUF with an XOR output network has been reported thus far. To ensure attack resiliency, Majzoobi, Koushanfar, and Potkonjak proposed five tests: predictability, collision, sensitivity, reverse engineering, and emulation.…”

“…To ensure attack resiliency, Majzoobi, Koushanfar, and Potkonjak proposed five tests: predictability, collision, sensitivity, reverse engineering, and emulation. 32 The predictability test identifies the level of difficulty of correctly calculating or predicting PUF or random-ID outputs for a given input. The collision test studies whether two different inputs can map to the same output.…”

Application of PUF-Enabled RFID Tags in Electronic Banking

“…The mapping is such that only the system owner can quickly get the correct responses and calculating output within a reasonable time by another person is very hard [6].…”

“…Security techniques that use silicon PUFs have many benefits compared to other techniques. Among them we can address great resistance against reverse engineering techniques, covert channel resistance and a higher response rate [6]. Therefore, in this paper we will focus on intrinsic silicon PUFs.…”

“…So silicon PUFs are based on the gate delay from an input to output path. Delay PUFs use the differences between time delays of the two path to generate unique responses [6]. Structures based on delay use an element called arbiter in order to convert this time difference to a logic bit.…”