Techniques and Procedures

Marais, Mariette; Fourie, Hendrika; Swart, Antoinette; Berry, S. D.; Knoetze, Rinus; Malan, Antoinette P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44210-5_4

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Root-knot nematode eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) were extracted from the 50 g root sub-samples using the 1% NaOCl method (Riekert 1995), which was originally developed by Hussey and Barker (1973) for the optimal extraction of eggs of sedentary, endoparasitic egg-mass producing nematodes. Root-knot nematode J2 as well as the vermiform stages (juveniles and adults) of a wide range of migratory endoparasitic nematodes were extracted from the 5-g root sub-samples using the centrifugal-flotation method (Marais et al 2017b). The decanting and sieving method (Marais et al 2017b) was also used to extract juveniles and adult nematodes present in the soil from the 200 g soil sub-samples.…”

Section: National Soybean Cultivar Trials Field Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Root-knot nematode J2 as well as the vermiform stages (juveniles and adults) of a wide range of migratory endoparasitic nematodes were extracted from the 5-g root sub-samples using the centrifugal-flotation method (Marais et al 2017b). The decanting and sieving method (Marais et al 2017b) was also used to extract juveniles and adult nematodes present in the soil from the 200 g soil sub-samples.…”

Section: National Soybean Cultivar Trials Field Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nematodes extracted from the 200-g rhizosphere soil sub-samples were transferred to a 1-ml Hawksley slide (Dickerson 1977) using a light microscope (× 1000 magnification), identified at genus level and counted. For identification at species level, at least 30 individuals of each genus were hand-picked from the counting dishes after counting, using a fine tip needle, killed and fixed in a heated formaldehydepropionic-acid-water (FPG) solution (100 mL of a 40% formalin solution, 10-ml propionic acid and 890-ml distilled water; Marais et al 2017b). The glass dish with the fixed nematodes was placed in an incubator at 40°C for 72 h and the FPG solution stepwise replaced with glycerin (Marais et al 2017b).…”

Section: National Soybean Cultivar Trials Field Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For identification at species level, at least 30 individuals of each genus were hand-picked from the counting dishes after counting, using a fine tip needle, killed and fixed in a heated formaldehydepropionic-acid-water (FPG) solution (100 mL of a 40% formalin solution, 10-ml propionic acid and 890-ml distilled water; Marais et al 2017b). The glass dish with the fixed nematodes was placed in an incubator at 40°C for 72 h and the FPG solution stepwise replaced with glycerin (Marais et al 2017b). The fixed nematodes were hand-picked from the glycerin and permanently mounted in glycerin on glass slides using the paraffin-ring method (Marais et al 2017b).…”

Section: National Soybean Cultivar Trials Field Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The host status of glyphosate-tolerant soybean genotypes to Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus infection

Mbatyoti

Beer

Daneel

et al. 2021

Trop. plant pathol.

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The host status of South African adapted, genetically modified (GM) glyphosate-tolerant soybean genotypes to root-knot (field and glasshouse) and lesion (field) nematodes were assessed. Analyses of root and soil samples of 29 genotypes (collected from seven production areas during the 2014/15 season) enabled the identification of nine plant-parasitic nematode genera and 10 species. Predominant endoparasitic genera in root samples were Meloidogyne (Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica) and Pratylenchus (Pratylenchus brachyurus, P. zeae and P. teres). Rotylenchulus parvus was the predominant semi-endoparasite in soil, followed by Scutellonema brachyurus and Helicotylenchus sp. Only ‘PAN 1583 R’ and ‘PAN 1521 R’ maintained less than 10% of the Meloidogyne spp. densities present in roots of the most susceptible genotype, while all genotypes were susceptible to the Pratylenchus spp. The host status of 36 soybean genotypes to M. incognita infection, evaluated in two follow-up glasshouse experiments terminated 56 days after inoculation of ca. 1000 M. incognita eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) per seedling, varied substantially for final population density (Pf), reproduction factor (Rf) and relative percentage susceptibility (%S). Only ‘PRF-GCI7’ and the resistant reference ‘LS 5995’ had Rfs < 1 for both experiments, despite higher minimum and maximum temperatures recorded for the second experiment. Continuous evaluation of soybean genotypes for their host status to predominant nematode pests and their use to reduce densities of such species in producer’s fields are crucial to enable sustainable crop production, and contribute towards food provision and security.

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Section: National Soybean Cultivar Trials Field Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: National Soybean Cultivar Trials Field Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: National Soybean Cultivar Trials Field Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: National Soybean Cultivar Trials Field Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The host status of glyphosate-tolerant soybean genotypes to Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus infection

Mbatyoti

Beer

Daneel

et al. 2021

Trop. plant pathol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At least 30 individuals from each genus per sample were, after counting, fixed in a heated formaldehyde-propionic-acid-water (FPG) solution (100 ml of Non-parasitic nematodes of grains a 40% formalin solution, 10 ml propionic acid and 890 ml distilled water). The glass dish with the fixed nematodes were placed in an incubator at 40°C for 72 hr and the FPG solution stepwise replaced with glycerin (Marais et al, 2017). The fixed nematodes were hand-picked from the glycerin using a fine-tip needle and permanently mounted in glycerin on glass microscope slides according to the paraffin-ring protocol (Hooper, 1986).…”

Section: Journal Of Nematologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial Non-Parasitic Nematode Assemblages associated With Glyphosate-tolerant and Conventional Soybean-Based Cropping Systems

Mbatyoti

Daneel

Swart

et al. 2018

Journal of Nematology

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Information about the effects of glyphosate on nematodes is limited and contradictory, while none existing for South African agricultural fields. The abundance and identity of non-parasitic nematodes in the rhizospheres of commercial glyphosate-tolerant and conventional (non-glyphosate-tolerant), soybean cultivars from cultivated fields, and adjacent natural vegetation (reference system) were obtained for two growing seasons. The impact of glyphosate was also investigated on non-parasitic nematodes in a 2-year soybean-maize cropping system. Thirty-two non-parasitic nematode genera were identified from soils of the three field ecosystems, with most of the genera occurring in natural vegetation (28), and less in conventional (23) and glyphosatetolerant soybean (21). Bacterivores had the greatest diversity in soils of all three ecosystems during both seasons, while fungivores tended to be more abundant in glyphosate-tolerant soybean fields especially during the second season. Soils from the three ecosystems were disturbed and degraded with low abundance and diversity of omnivores and predators. Of the 14 genera identified from the soybean-maize cropping experiment, bacterivores dominated in terms of diversity in non-treated, and fungivores in glyphosate-treated plots. Soils from glyphosate-treated plots were degraded, less enriched and fungal-mediated, while those from non-treated plots were disturbed, enriched, and bacterial-mediated.

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Bio-control efficacy of selected indigenous nematophagous fungi against Meloidogyne enterolobii in vitro and on dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Ramatsitsi,

Dube,

Ramachela

et al. 2024

Int Microbiol

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Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important commercialized field crop in South Africa for aiding in food security as a cheap protein source. However, it is highly susceptible to root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne species. Use of indigenous nematophagous fungi as bio-control agents (BCA) of Meloidogyne nematodes is a promising research focus area. This is because indigenous fungal species are naturally part of the ecosystem and therefore compatible with other biological processes unlike most synthetic chemicals. The objective of the study was to identify indigenous nematophagous fungal BCA and establish their potential efficacy in reducing M. enterolobii population densities on dry bean with and without incorporation of compost. Screened indigenous fungal species included Aspergillus terreus, Talaromyces minioluteus, T. sayulitensis, Trichoderma ghanense, and T. viride. There were observed significant parasitism differences (P ≤ 0.05) among the BCA, with T. ghanense showing the highest egg parasitism (86%), followed by T. minioluteus (72%) and T. sayulitensis (70%). On the other hand, the highest J2 parasitism was observed on T. minioluteus (95%), followed by A. terreus and T. viride (63%). A similar trend was observed under in vivo conditions, with higher efficacy with compost incorporation. This provides a highly encouraging alternative and ecologically complementary Meloidogyne management in dry bean production.

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Techniques and Procedures

Cited by 27 publications

References 71 publications

The host status of glyphosate-tolerant soybean genotypes to Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus infection

The host status of glyphosate-tolerant soybean genotypes to Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus infection

Terrestrial Non-Parasitic Nematode Assemblages associated With Glyphosate-tolerant and Conventional Soybean-Based Cropping Systems

Bio-control efficacy of selected indigenous nematophagous fungi against Meloidogyne enterolobii in vitro and on dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

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