Technique for production of oil sorbents from renewable plant raw materials: Waste from cereal plants and sphagnum moss species

Abstract

Technique for production of powder sorbents from renewable plant raw materials, wastes from cereal plants and sphagnum moss species, were considered. Their sorption properties with respect to dissolved and emulsifi ed oil products were studied.It has been shown previously [1-7] that amorphous, mixed, or crystalline carbon modifi cations produced in pyrolysis of renewable plant raw materials, wastes from cultivated plants, are characterized by a high yield of pure carbon (~99.4-99.8%) and show good electrochemical, physicochemical, mechanical, and technological characteristics. This enables use of carbon modifi cations as anode materials for lithiumion (polymeric) batteries and as a starting component for mechanochemical synthesis in manufacture of highmelting compounds [6][7][8].In addition, renewable plant raw materials can be used (without a pyrolytic treatment) as effective oil sorbents in the form of a dispersed powder mass [9][10][11].The goal of our study was to produce and examine powder oil sorbents 1 from renewable plant raw materials, wastes from cultivated plants (cereals: wheat and oat husks) and sphagnum moss species and analyze their sorption characteristics with respect to dissolved and emulsifi ed oil products.As starting raw materials served wastes from cereals (wheat and oat husks) and sphagnum moss species collected in raised moors of Lower Amour River region [7,8].To reach their air-dry state, the raw materials were preliminarily dried in a Binder thermal box at a temperature of 70°C and cleaned by sieving to remove foreign admixtures. Then the air-dry raw materials were in turns charged into the working reservoir of a Desi disintegrator and processed during 7 min for wheat and oat husks and 5 min for sphagnum moss species until a homogeneous powder mass with particle size of 45-50 μm was obtained. The dispersity was monitored with a Fritsch laser particle size analyzer.The bulk density was determined by weighing: a 20-cm 3 graduated and calibrated polypropylene syringe was charged with the powders obtained, the surface was leveled with a plunger, the volume of the powders was measured, and then they were weighed. After that a force of 10 kg was applied via a dynamometer to the plunger handle, with a compacting pressure of 3.2 kg cm -2 created, and thus the volume of the powders was determined and their rammed density was calculated.The pore capacity was determined against water: a 10-cm 3 portion of a powder was weighed within a graduated syringe, water was added, the mixture was agitated until a fl owing suspension was obtained, the excess amount of water was squeezed out with the ---------------1 Three kinds of powder oil sorbents were formed at "Synthesis of inorganic materials" and "Materials science and technology of nanomaterials" laboratories at Far-Eastern Federal University.

Nanocomposites based on vegetable and mineral raw materials

“…A number of researchers have repeatedly pointed out [1][2][3][4][5][6] that vegetable and mineral resources, such as agricultural and wood processing waste, sphagnum, peat moss, and rocks, are valuable raw materials in the biochemical and metallurgical industries for produc ing functional materials, including nanocomposite systems. Industrial processing of vegetable and min eral raw materials typically involves the hydrolysis, pyrolysis or extraction, and chemical modification of raw materials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…Industrial processing of vegetable and min eral raw materials typically involves the hydrolysis, pyrolysis or extraction, and chemical modification of raw materials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Prospects for sphagnum peat as a source of fullerenes

“…Such carbon is very pure (99.98%) and is optimal for the production of the anode matrices used in lith ium polymer batteries [2,3]. The benefits of this method include its relative simplicity and the practi cally unlimited reserves of the raw material [2,7,10,[11][12][13][14].…”