TECHNICAL NOTE: First evidence of a structured and dynamic spatial pattern of rainfall within a small humid tropical catchment

Bidin, Kawi; Chappell, Nick A.

doi:10.5194/hess-7-245-2003

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Such a situation would be consistent with the observation that most rainfall is delivered in localized (Bidin and Chappell, 2003) mid-afternoon events from cumulus clouds that have developed during the day. The typical short duration of the events, together with the non-aquifer geology and small catchment size, explains the flashiness of the river hydrographs monitored within the Baru catchment tributary of the Sapat Kalisun (Bidin and Greer, 1997;Chappell et al, 1999) if compared with similar catchments but with long duration rain-events in temperate UK .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…All gauges were geo-referenced by surveying in closed-loop traverses using a TC400 Total Station (Leica Geosystems AG, Heerbrugg, Switzerland). The representativeness of the network of automated rain-gauges can be seen by observation of the records from five storage rain-gauges distributed across the Sapat Kalisun catchment (see Bidin and Chappell (2003)). …”

Section: Instrumentation and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shift in the peak of the convective-event correlograms that include the BA rain-gauge ( Figure 7) may indicate: (i) rainfall over BA is produced by a different cloud mass to that over KM63, sites 5 and 6 within the centre of the catchment (see Bidin and Chappell (2003)), and that this cloud releases rainfall 20-30 min after that in the centre of the catchment; or (ii) a local cumulus cloud over the centre of the Sapat Kalisun catchment has moved towards BA with an airflow from the southwest at a rate of 2 m s 1 (see Bidin and Chappell (2003)). In 1997-98, wind speed records were not available for the lower atmosphere around BA; anemometer arrays were, however, installed in late 2004, which will allow us to test this second hypothesis in the future.…”

Section: Local Spatial Variation In Rain-event Duration and Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of rain events at an inland locality in northeastern Borneo, Malaysia

Bidin

Chappell

2006

Hydrol. Process.

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Abstract:Understanding the intensity and duration of tropical rain events is critical to modelling the rate and timing of wetcanopy evaporation, the suppression of transpiration, the generation of infiltration-excess overland flow and hence to erosion, and to river responsiveness. Despite this central role, few studies have addressed the characteristics of equatorial rainstorms. This study analyses rainfall data for a 5 km 2 region largely comprising of the 4 km 2 Sapat Kalisun Experimental Catchment in the interior of northeastern Borneo at sampling frequencies from 1 min 1 to 1 day1 . The work clearly shows that most rainfall within this inland, forested area is received during regular short-duration events (<15 min) that have a relatively low intensity (i.e. less than two 0Ð2 mm rain-gauge tips in almost all 5 min periods). The rainfall appears localized, with significant losses in intergauge correlations being observable in minutes in the case of the typical mid-afternoon, convective events. This suggests that a dense rain-gauge network, sampled at a high temporal frequency, is required for accurate distributed rainfall-runoff modelling of such small catchments. Observed rain-event intensity is much less than the measured infiltration capacities, and thus supports the tenet of the dominance of quick subsurface responses in controlling river behaviour in this small equatorial catchment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Instrumentation and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Spatial Variation In Rain-event Duration and Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of rain events at an inland locality in northeastern Borneo, Malaysia

Bidin

Chappell

2006

Hydrol. Process.

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“…This catchment is in the headwaters of the 2450 km 2 Segama catchment, which flows into the Sulu Sea. The catchment receives an annual rainfall of 2712 mm (s: 435) -1999: Bidin and Chappell, 2003 with very little seasonality in the regime . The catchment is underlain by a relatively impermeable melange comprising mostly of mudstones, though small fissure related springs can be seen during unusually dry periods.…”

Section: Baru Experimental Catchmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Return-flow prediction and buffer designation in two rainforest headwaters

Chappell

Vongtanaboon

Jiang

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…This pattern seems to evolve over the year ("seasonality"), with night/morning falls becoming more important in the November-February period. The 6-month period of the Northeast Monsoon within Sabah runs from November to April (Bidin & Chappell, 2003 and, thereby, includes this period of greater night/morning rainfalls. The dominance of mid-afternoon rainfall in most periods could be the result of localized convective rain-events from cumulus clouds developed by solar heating through the day (Battan, 1979;Riehl, 1979).…”

Section: Observational Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating hourly rainfall occurrence within an equatorial rainforest, Borneo Island / Simulation de l'occurrence de pluie horaire au sein de la forêt équatoriale, Ile de Bornéo

Chappell

Discenza

Tych

et al. 2009

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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The ability to simulate characteristics of the diurnal cycle of rainfall occurrence, and its evolution over the seasons is important to the forecasting of hydrological impacts resulting from land-use and climate changes within the humid tropics. This stochastic modelling study uses a generalized linear model (GLM) solution to second-order Markov chain models, as these discrete models are better at describing binary occurrence processes on an hourly time-scale than continuous-time approaches such as stochastic state-space models. We show that transition probabilities derived by the Markov chain method need to be time-varying rather than stationary to simulate the evolution of the diurnal cycle of rainfall occurrence over a Southeast Asian monsoon sequence. The conceptual and pragmatic links between discrete diurnal processes and continuous processes occurring over seasonal periods are thereby simulated within the same model. Simulation de l'occurrence de pluie horaire au sein de la forêt équatoriale, Ile de BornéoRésumé L'aptitude à simuler les caractéristiques du cycle diurne d'occurrence des pluies et de son évolution au fil des saisons est importante pour la prévision des impacts hydrologiques de changements d'occupation du sol et de climat en zones tropicales humides. Cette étude de modélisation stochastique utilise une résolution de modèle linéaire généralisé (GLM) de modèles de type chaîne de Markov de second ordre, ces modèles discrets étant meilleurs pour décrire des processus d'occurrence binaire à pas de temps horaire que les approches continues telles que les modèles d'état stochastiques. Nous montrons que les probabilités de transition dérivées par la méthode de la chaîne de Markov doivent être évolutives au fil du temps plutôt que stationnaires pour simuler l'évolution du cycle diurne d'occurrence des pluies pendant une séquence de mousson en Asie du sud-est. Les liens conceptuel et pragmatique entre les processus diurnes discrets et les processus continus intervenant lors des périodes saisonnières sont simulés au sein du même modèle.

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TECHNICAL NOTE: First evidence of a structured and dynamic spatial pattern of rainfall within a small humid tropical catchment

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Characteristics of rain events at an inland locality in northeastern Borneo, Malaysia

Characteristics of rain events at an inland locality in northeastern Borneo, Malaysia

Return-flow prediction and buffer designation in two rainforest headwaters

Simulating hourly rainfall occurrence within an equatorial rainforest, Borneo Island / Simulation de l'occurrence de pluie horaire au sein de la forêt équatoriale, Ile de Bornéo

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