Technical cost of operating a PV installation as a STATCOM during nightime.

Evaluation of the Reactive Power Support Capability and Associated Technical Costs of Photovoltaic Farms’ Operation

“…The DC/AC converter is connected to the grid through an RL reactor, an RLC series filter to smooth current harmonics and a step-up ∆-Y g transformer to insulate the PV farm from zero sequence current faults that might occur on the grid side. The system dimensioning and DC/AC controller tuning were presented in [28]. The AC/DC converter controls the PV voltage v pv via a perturb and observe MPPT algorithm [34], as well as the reactive power injected to the grid.…”

“…Again, the DC/AC converter is connected to the grid through an RL reactor, an RLC series filter and a step-up ∆-Y g transformer. The system dimensioning and the DC/AC converter controller tunings were presented in [28]. The AC/DC converter controls the DC voltage v dc and the reactive power injected to the grid.…”

“…Therefore, alternative models were investigated [36,[41][42][43][44][45]. The evaluation of these losses was carried out using the look-up table approach proposed by [45] with the same approximation as [28][29][30]: the junction temperature was assumed constant at 125 • C, so that only manufacturer data are considered instead of experimental data. The look-up table approach consists of comparing the switch currents' values pre and post the switching transitory.…”