Technical Change and the Relative Demand for Skilled Labor: The United States in Historical Perspective

Katz, Lawrence F.; Margo, Robert A.

doi:10.3386/w18752

Cited by 140 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…These discussions have been driven, in part, by an economy that is increasingly fueled by technological innovation and a corresponding demand for workers with advanced quantitative and analytic skills who can test and implement solutions via the scientific method (Katz and Margo, 2014;Bresnahan, Brynjolfsson, and Hitt, 2002). At present, jobs that require science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) skills and training constitute 20 percent of all jobs in the U.S. economy (Rothwell, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postsecondary Education and STEM Employment in the United States: An Analysis of National Trends with a Focus on the Natural Gas and Oil Industry

Baird¹,

Bozick²,

Harris³

2017

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All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the client.The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR2115Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2017 American Petroleum InstituteR® is a registered trademark.iii Preface The American Petroleum Institute, which funded this report, is the only national trade association that represents all segments of the United States' innovation-driven oil and natural gas industry. The institute's more than 625 members-including large integrated companies, exploration and production, refining, marketing, pipeline, marine shipping and support businesses, and service and supply firms-provide most of the energy in the United States. The oil and natural gas industry supports 10.3 million U.S. jobs and 7.6 percent of the U.S. economy and, since 2000, has invested more than $3 trillion in U.S. capital projects to advance all forms of energy. Many of the individuals employed in the oil and natural gas industry work in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) sector, and the industry has great interest in understanding the relationship between STEM education and employment, including STEM employment. In addition to the millions of jobs already supported by the industry, IHS projects that between 2015 and 2035, nearly 1.9 million direct job opportunities will be available in the oil, natural gas, and petrochemical industries. This includes close to 707,000 job opportunities projected to be filled by blacks and Hispanics and more than 290,000 jobs projected to be filled by women.In considering the future workforce needs of the oil and natural gas industry and how to attract and retain the best available talent, education and workforce training-STEM education in particular-are critical pieces to the projected industry growth that keeps the United States at a competitive advantage and that provides the energy all Americans depend on. This report analyzes the relationship between postsecondary education and STEM employment in the United States. In addition to being of interest to those in the oil and natural gas industry, this report should be of interest to policymakers, educators, researchers, and workforce professionals concerned with the relationship between STEM education and STEM employment, including the differences for women and for racial and ethnic minorities.This research was spons...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postsecondary Education and STEM Employment in the United States: An Analysis of National Trends with a Focus on the Natural Gas and Oil Industry

Baird¹,

Bozick²,

Harris³

2017

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“…This led to an increase in management's challenges as firms distributed their products over wider geographical areas (Chandler, 1977). Katz and Margo (2013), found a positive relationship between capital deepening and firm size. Much of the capital deepening was attributed to the diffusion of inanimate power sources (Atack, Bateman, & Margo, 2004).…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal powered equipment started being replaced with mechanized equipment. In their research, Katz and Margo (2013) found the share of low-skill jobs declined overall due to the decline in the share of farm laborers in the agriculture sector. They also found the share of farm operators in the economy fell over time both in absolute magnitude and relative to the share of farm labor jobs in the agriculture sector.…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Run Employment and Income Growth: A By Sector Analysis

Hooks¹

2013

SSRN Journal

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“…This completely changed the work done by the white collar workers and indirectly impacted on blue collar workers 22 Based on World Bank data. 23 In the case of the US the ratio of skilled white collar workers has doubled between 1920-1980 and then increased by another 50% until 2010 (Katz & Margo, 2013 as well (Marteen Goos, 2013). It is probable that these changes will further speed up in the close future.…”

Section: Gulyás A: Subjective Well-being and Work -A Brief Review Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Well-being and work – a Brief Review on International Surveys and Results

Gulyás

2016

Intersections

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Intersections. EEJSP 2(1): 74-97. DOI: 10.17356/ieejsp.v2i1.187 http://intersections.tk.mta.hu AbstractThe research and policy impacts of subjective well-being (SWB) have gained more emphasis in the last decade as international agencies became aware of its importance. Governments have realised that besides the improvements of the economy, the overall life satisfaction of citizens are influenced by multiple other factors. An important part of SWB is work related well-being -often referred to simply as work satisfaction. The nature of work has changed a lot in the recent decades due to immense technological development, more people are behind desks than ever and in general the structure and policies of huge companies have evolved as well. Simply put: life has changed substantially, especially for white-collar workers. The way how people perceive work has also changed, hence the structure of work satisfaction is also different. This paper aims to give an overview on results in this domain and to highlight some possible directions in future research. First the paper gives an overview on SWB and the related research methodologies. Then some current international surveys are briefly described that may be used for SWB related research and finally recent results on work related well-being are shown and some research questions are presented.

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Technical Change and the Relative Demand for Skilled Labor: The United States in Historical Perspective

Cited by 140 publications

References 51 publications

Postsecondary Education and STEM Employment in the United States: An Analysis of National Trends with a Focus on the Natural Gas and Oil Industry

Postsecondary Education and STEM Employment in the United States: An Analysis of National Trends with a Focus on the Natural Gas and Oil Industry

Long Run Employment and Income Growth: A By Sector Analysis

Subjective Well-being and work – a Brief Review on International Surveys and Results

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