Technical Challenges and Their Solutions for Integration of Sensible Thermal Energy Storage with Concentrated Solar Power Applications—a Review

Thermal Stability and Performance Evaluation of Hitec Molten Salt for High-Temperature Energy Storage Applications

“…• Building Heating and Cooling: TES systems can store excess thermal energy during off-peak times (e.g., at night) and release it during peak demand hours, reducing heating and cooling costs. [46,47]:…”

Effect of steam on heat storage and attrition performance of limestone under fluidization during CaO/CaCO3 heat storage cycles

“…Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants can be coupled with thermal energy storage (TES) systems to realize a stable output of electric energy. 1 TES systems can store heat via sensible heat, 2 latent heat, 3 and thermochemistry. 4 Thermochemical heat storage (THS) based on the reversible reaction of CaO/CaCO 3 , 5 i.e.…”

“…Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants can be coupled with thermal energy storage (TES) systems to realize a stable output of electric energy. 1 TES systems can store heat via sensible heat, 2 latent heat, 3 and thermochemistry. 4 Thermochemical heat storage (THS) based on the reversible reaction of CaO/CaCO 3 , 5 i.e., the calcium looping (CaL) process (eqn (1)), has attracted extensive attention due to its high heat storage density (4 GJ m −3 ) and cheap raw materials (10$ per t).…”

Thermal Energy Storage in Concentrating Solar Power Plants: A Review of European and North American R&D Projects

“…In contrast, concentrating solar power (CSP) plants which supplies thermal energy to the power cycle, obtain yields close to 100% through their combination with thermal energy storage (TES) systems [3,4]. Furthermore, the capital cost of TES is lower than mechanical or chemical storage systems [5]. The most widespread storage materials used in TES systems are the molten salts which allow for the extension of the operating hours of CSP plants by storing energy as sensible heat during daylight hours.…”

“…Regarding TES technologies, the reviews were focused on sensible, latent and thermochemical energy storage materials developed since 2000 [14] and the future challenges to be integrated into CSP [15]. The latest research on sensible heat storage was related to (i) the discussion of the best integration of molten salts medium [5], (ii) the potential of solid particles as a heat transfer medium and TES [16] and (iii) the proper future use of cheaper materials such as rocks [17]. The latent heat storage for high temperature operation was investigated to, firstly, overcome challenges of coupling to CSP [18] and to define the phase change materials capable to be used in CSP application [19].…”