Technical and technological Solutions for environmentally safe Irrigation with wide-reach Sprinklers

Abstract

It is known that sprinkling can cause surface runoff of irrigation water and water erosion of soils, which leads to deterioration of water-physical and agrochemical properties of soils, its fertility decreases. The purpose of the research was to ensure environmentally safe irrigation with wide-reach sprinklers by improving the designs of sprinklers and their placement along the pipeline. The developed sprinklers were equipped with sprinklers “Frigate” DMU-B463-90. Studies have shown that the volume of surface runoff of irrigation water during the irrigation season when watering with sprinklers with developed sprinklers was less, and as a percentage of the irrigation norm was: in 2020, when watering DM with sprinklers having a rotating deflector – 6.3%, when watering with a machine with sprinklers having a double deflector – 3.9%; in 2021 respectively – 6.6 and 4.1%, in 2022 – 6.0 and 3.9%. The conducted studies allowed us to recommend installing sprinklers with a rotating deflector or cascade versions at high irrigation rates in the end part of the machine.

Horticulture Irrigation Systems and Aquaculture Water Usage: A Perspective for the Use of Aquaponics to Generate a Sustainable Water Footprint

“…In addition, sprinkler irrigation systems could cause a water surface runoff, overflows and in its consequences increasing water soil erosion of the cropland by the decline of drainage and nutrient soil properties. In addition, the decline of soil humus content, porosity, moisture capacity, water permeability and biogenicity leads to a general soil density increase [92]. The technology concept permits a higher evaporation rate and external affectations due to wind and air humidity [93].…”

Horticultural Irrigation Systems and Aquacultural Water Usage: A Perspective for the Use of Aquaponics to Generate a Sustainable Water Footprint

“…In addition, sprinkler irrigation systems could cause water surface runoff and overflows, consequently increasing the water-soil erosion of the cropland through a decline in drainage and nutrient soil properties. In addition, the decline in soil humus content, porosity, moisture capacity, water permeability, and biogenicity leads to a general soil density increase [92]. The technological concept permits a higher evaporation rate and external effects due to wind and air humidity [93].…”