Technical and feasibility study of conversion of long-stick wood to charcoal in a partial combustion metal kiln

Determination of processes suitable for cotton stalk carbonization and torrefaction by partial combustion using a metal kiln

“…4). The profiles are similar to those obtained by Saravanakumar et al (2006) and Mlaouhi et al (1999). Fig.…”

“…The low mass yield for process 1 results in low energy yield. Therefore, in contrast to the results obtained by Saravanakumar et al (2006) for the carbonization of wood, air supply at the reactor bottom is not suitable for cotton stalks in this type of reactor.…”

“…Table 5 summarises the mean peaks of the temperature at different locations of the reactor (from the bottom to the top) and time (at which peak temperature is achieved) for torrefaction and carbonization processes. Peak temperature is reached at the reactor top (T3 or T4) contrarily to the process of the carbonization of wood during which peak temperature is reached at the reactor bottom (Saravanakumar et al, 2006). The temperature peaks measured during this work for the carbonization processes ranged from 650 to 750°C (Table 5).…”

Pretreatment of biomass by torrefaction

“…The gas products formed are mainly CO 2 , CO, small amounts of CH 4 and even traces of H 2 . The gas mainly comes from the decomposition of hemicellulose [5,14], combined water release between 100-180°C and the generation of CO, CO 2 and condensable volatiles between 180°C and 270°C [7]. A law for the gas products for the two samples under different conditions is shown in Figure 5.…”

“…Prins et al [4][5][6] undertook comprehensive studies on pyrolysis kinetics and characteristics of the pyrolysis products of willow, straw and larch using thermogravimetry and a semi-industrial scale bench at 230-300°C. Saravanakumar et al [7] studied the conversion of wood by pyrolysis to charcoal in a partial combustion kiln (under different conditions) to understand the influence of moisture content, type and size during charcoal generation, the main reactions at different temperature and the characteristics of carbocoal. Felfli et al [8] studied the torrefaction of wood briquettes from 220-270°C and their results show that the solid products have good hydrophobicity.…”