Technical and economical problems in the gasification of rice hulls. Physical and chemical properties

Kaupp, Albrecht; Goss, J. R.

doi:10.1016/0167-5826(81)90019-x

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…It is clear therefore that fibrous FCB would be prone to caking in the pyrolysis zone, which then increases the probability of bridging in the reactor; hence, the densification of the fuel was essential. According to Kaupp, the ratio of the throat diameter to the maximum diameter of the fuel should be at least 6.8:1 to avoid bridging, while McKendry recommended that the fuel size should be 10–20% of the throat diameter. The briquettes produced were Ø = 29 mm; this diameter is within the upper limit recommended by McKendry but does not satisfy the criteria outlined by Kaupp .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Kaupp, the ratio of the throat diameter to the maximum diameter of the fuel should be at least 6.8:1 to avoid bridging, while McKendry recommended that the fuel size should be 10–20% of the throat diameter. The briquettes produced were Ø = 29 mm; this diameter is within the upper limit recommended by McKendry but does not satisfy the criteria outlined by Kaupp . However, briquetting the bagasse increased the bulk density by a factor of 8; additional batches of bagasse were pelletized, which further increased the bulk density by a factor of 11.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bed was also inspected for clinker formation. These rock-like structures are produced by slagging in the fuel bed and can contribute to bridging by obstructing the free movement of fuel through the gasifier; however, clinker was never found in the fuel bed. It was observed, however, that the briquettes remaining in the pyrolysis and oxidation zones had expanded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gasification of Fuel Cane Bagasse in a Downdraft Gasifier: Influence of Lignocellulosic Composition and Fuel Particle Size on Syngas Composition and Yield

Akay

Jordan

2011

Energy Fuels

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Gasification of fuel cane bagasse briquettes and pellets was carried out in a novel 50 kWe downdraft autothermal gasifier to evaluate the most suitable densified form for use in downdraft gasifiers. The results showed that the calorific value of the syngas produced from the briquettes was low, ranging from 1.95 to 3.12 MJ/m3 n, and ballooning of the briquettes accompanied by bridging of the fuel repeatedly occurred in the pyrolysis and throat zones. In contrast, gasification of pelletized bagasse under similar operating conditions produced syngas ranging in calorific value from 4.90 to 5.94 MJ/m3 n, the syngas yield increased by 65%, and bridging was non-existent. Investigation of the lignocellulose composition of the bagasse found that this high-fiber cane has a high lignin/cellulose ratio with a typical lignin content of 33 ± 4%. Scanning electron microscopy studies of the partially pyrolyzed and expanded briquettes showed that extensive porous structures had developed during pyrolysis. Because cellulose devolatilizes at a faster rate than lignin, this suggested that, during pyrolysis, the rapid production of volatile gases within the briquettes resulted in ballooning and cracking of these structures. This increase in volume coupled with the reduced mass of the briquette resulted in reduced bulk density, which restricted the capacity of the fuel bed to flow under gravity and ultimately led to bridging in the reactor, poor syngas composition, and low yield.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gasification of Fuel Cane Bagasse in a Downdraft Gasifier: Influence of Lignocellulosic Composition and Fuel Particle Size on Syngas Composition and Yield

Akay

Jordan

2011

Energy Fuels

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“…Approximately 22% of the rice grain is constituted of husks. Loose rice husks have a low bulk density of about 85–110 kg/m 3 . The densification process of biomass into pellets or briquettes can increase bulk density up to 10 times .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicomechanical Properties of Rice Husk Pellets for Energy Generation

et al. 2011

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The use of biomass for energy generation is a promising alternative due to its potential to satisfy environmental compatibility. Rice is one of the world's most important food crops. Processing of paddy leads to the generation of crop and agroindustrial wastes, which are voluminous and difficult to handle. By upgrading this biomass into a uniform compressed fuel, namely pellets or briquettes, its density increases, improving the storage, transportation, and combustion characteristics. In this study, densification characteristics of Brazilian rice husks were studied using a laboratory compactor, Hosokowa Bepex, Type L200/50GpK, for the production of pellets. Experiments showed that their bulk density in raw form increased 6.3 times. The effects of different particle sizes (rice husks milled with 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm sieve meshes) and moisture contents (17%, 19%, and 20%) on the durability of the rice husk pellets were assessed. It was concluded that rice husk pellets with 17% water content and made of raw material ground with 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm sieves are durable and stable and comply with the standard quality values of agricultural pellets as specified in Agro and Agro+. Biomass conversion technologies, using pellets, might facilitate the development of decentralized energy systems in rural areas. Nevertheless, in order to be deployed in an efficient and responsible way, economic, technical, environmental, and social aspects over the whole supply chain should also be taken into consideration. ' MATERIALS AND METHODSThe rice husks used for the experiments were collected, stored, and dried during the months of May and June, 2008 in the Federal State of Minas Gerais, Brazil before their transportation to the laboratory facilities in Cottbus, Germany.Particle Size Distribution and Moisture Content of Rice Husks. Prior to pelleting, biomass can be milled to a specific particle size. The milling partially breaks down the lignin, increases the specific surface area of the material, and improves binding. 5 The rice husks were

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“…In 1997, arount 1,460,000 tonnes of crude oil were produced (Balan, 1998). Kaupp (1992 ). b Asiedu (1989 ).…”

Section: Estimates Of Energy Potential Of Agricultural Biomass In Cubamentioning

confidence: 98%

Thermochemical Properties of Cuban Biomass

Suárez¹,

Luengo²,

Felfli³

et al. 2000

Energy Sources

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Technical and economical problems in the gasification of rice hulls. Physical and chemical properties

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

Gasification of Fuel Cane Bagasse in a Downdraft Gasifier: Influence of Lignocellulosic Composition and Fuel Particle Size on Syngas Composition and Yield

Gasification of Fuel Cane Bagasse in a Downdraft Gasifier: Influence of Lignocellulosic Composition and Fuel Particle Size on Syngas Composition and Yield

Physicomechanical Properties of Rice Husk Pellets for Energy Generation

Thermochemical Properties of Cuban Biomass

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