TECHNICAL ADVANCE: Temperature as a determinant factor for increased and reproducible <i>in vitro</i> pollen germination in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Boavida, Leonor C.; McCormick, Sheila

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2007.03248.x

Cited by 377 publications

(340 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Pollens were collected from flowers opened day (day 0) of Col and pin8-1 plants. Subsequently they were germinated on a germination medium on a microscope slide according to Boavida and McCormick 42 . Pollen germination medium was always prepared fresh from 0.5 M stock solutions of the main components (5 mM KCl, 0.01% H 3 BO 3 , 5 mM CaCl 2 , 1 mM MgSO 4 ) using autoclaved water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ER-localized auxin transporter PIN8 regulates auxin homeostasis and male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis

et al. 2012

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Auxin is a key coordinative signal required for many aspects of plant development and its levels are controlled by auxin metabolism and intercellular auxin transport. Here we find that a member of PIn auxin transporter family, PIn8 is expressed in male gametophyte of Arabidopsis thaliana and has a crucial role in pollen development and functionality. Ectopic expression in sporophytic tissues establishes a role of PIn8 in regulating auxin homoeostasis and metabolism. PIn8 co-localizes with PIn5 to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it acts as an auxin transporter. Genetic analyses reveal an antagonistic action of PIn5 and PIn8 in the regulation of intracellular auxin homoeostasis and gametophyte as well as sporophyte development. our results reveal a role of the auxin transport in male gametophyte development in which the distinct actions of ER-localized PIn transporters regulate cellular auxin homoeostasis and maintain the auxin levels optimal for pollen development and pollen tube growth.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ER-localized auxin transporter PIN8 regulates auxin homeostasis and male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis

et al. 2012

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“…In this study, we show that alteration of the expression of PME48, the second most expressed PME in pollen grains, results in a strong delay in imbibition and in germination both in vivo and in vitro, as well as altered phenotypes with abnormal rates of burst tubes and two pollen tube tips emerging from the same pollen grain. The phenotype is rescued by supplementing the optimum GM (Boavida and McCormick, 2007) with 2.5 mM CaCl 2 to reach 7.5 mM. In 7.5 mM CaCl 2 , pme482/2 pollen grains imbibed and germinated normally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the optimal solid GM described by Boavida and McCormick (2007), 65% and 90% of wild-type pollen grains were germinated after 6 and 24 h of culture, respectively (Fig. 3A).…”

Section: Isolation and Characterization Of The Pme482/2 Homozygous Mumentioning

confidence: 99%

PECTIN METHYLESTERASE48 Is Involved in Arabidopsis Pollen Grain Germination

et al. 2014

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Germination of pollen grains is a crucial step in plant reproduction. However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. We investigated the role of PECTIN METHYLESTERASE48 (PME48), an enzyme implicated in the remodeling of pectins in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) pollen. A combination of functional genomics, gene expression, in vivo and in vitro pollen germination, immunolabeling, and biochemical analyses was used on wild-type and Atpme48 mutant plants. We showed that AtPME48 is specifically expressed in the male gametophyte and is the second most expressed PME in dry and imbibed pollen grains. Pollen grains from homozygous mutant lines displayed a significant delay in imbibition and germination in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, numerous pollen grains showed two tips emerging instead of one in the wild type. Immunolabeling and Fourier transform infrared analyses showed that the degree of methylesterification of the homogalacturonan was higher in pme482/2 pollen grains. In contrast, the PME activity was lower in pme482/2, partly due to a reduction of PME48 activity revealed by zymogram. Interestingly, the wild-type phenotype was restored in pme482/2 with the optimum germination medium supplemented with 2.5 mM calcium chloride, suggesting that in the wild-type pollen, the weakly methylesterified homogalacturonan is a source of Ca 2+ necessary for pollen germination. Although pollen-specific PMEs are traditionally associated with pollen tube elongation, this study provides strong evidence that PME48 impacts the mechanical properties of the intine wall during maturation of the pollen grain, which, in turn, influences pollen grain germination.

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“…Thus, optimum temperature for some reproductive processes might reflect, indeed, species origin or adaptation. For example, while for many species native to or cultivated in temperate regions optimum temperatures in the range 15ºC-25ºC are usually recorded [examples include Arabidopsis thaliana (22ºC, Boavida and McCormick, 2007), sweet cherry (25ºC, Lewis, 1942), or almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) and peach (16ºC and 23ºC respectively, Weinbaum et al, 1984)], optimum temperatures above 25ºC have been reported for several subtropical and tropical species such as Datura stramonium (33ºC, Buchholz and Blakeslee, 1927), Oenothera (33ºC, Lewis, 1942), groundnut (30ºC for pollen germination and 34ºC for pollen tube growth, Kakani et al, 2002) or cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (from 28ºC to 32ºC, Kakani et al, 2005).…”

Section: Genetic Variation In the Reproductive Processes Under Tempermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of flowering plant gametophytes to temperature fluctuations

Hedhly

2011

Environmental and Experimental Botany

258

179

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Research on plant responses to temperature stress is receiving increased interest due to the growing awareness about global warming. High and low temperature stresses help establish the narrow geographic distribution of some cultivated plants, the limited geographic extension of some other economically nutritionally important species, and also induce irregular bearing for some species. However, the understanding of plant responses to temperature stress lags behind other biotic and abiotic stresses probably due to the complex response at the molecular, cellular, and organismal level. Temperature stress affects, indeed, many developmental processes during the plant's life cycle. However, the reproductive stage, the outcome of which represents the economic value for many cultivated plants, is especially vulnerable. Here the effect of low and high temperature stresses during the flowering phase is reviewed in flowering plants in an attempt to unravel sensitive stages that are behind irregular cropping. The review presents detailed findings from 33 previously published reports spanning 19 different flowering plant species. Both the male and female organs of the flower are especially sensitive to temperature fluctuations both during their development before pollination and during the post-pollination stage. The effect of temperature stress is, however, obscured by the complex male-female interaction superimposed on the individual behavior of each organ. Interestingly, a review of the literature on this topic shows that genetic variation does exist in reproductive behavior under temperature fluctuations. This genetic diversity must be preserved and characterized in further detail to understand how plants naturally cope with changing environmental conditions, which will, undoubtedly, help us to design better strategies to face current and future challenging temperature fluctuations.

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TECHNICAL ADVANCE: Temperature as a determinant factor for increased and reproducible in vitro pollen germination in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 377 publications

References 64 publications

ER-localized auxin transporter PIN8 regulates auxin homeostasis and male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis

ER-localized auxin transporter PIN8 regulates auxin homeostasis and male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis

PECTIN METHYLESTERASE48 Is Involved in Arabidopsis Pollen Grain Germination

Sensitivity of flowering plant gametophytes to temperature fluctuations

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