“…There has been a lot of criticism recently of orthodox or traditional approaches to teaching, in which the teacher's job is seen as transmitting knowledge, usually by means of lectures or seminars, to a number of students at the same time (e.g. Costin, 1982;Stones, 1976). Whilst this can be a very efficient method of teaching, research has shown that it is likely to be 'effective' only when (a) there is an accurate diagnosis of what the learner needs to know; (b) the teacher has the knowledge and ability to transfer knowledge effectively to students; and (c) there is no problem in the students' transferring this knowledge into effective practice later on (Wragg, 1974;McLeish, 1978).…”