“…Nevertheless, the problem arose when teachers preferred using the traditional and teacher-centered approach in their teaching process (Mahalingam & Hamzah 2016;Saad & Boujaoude, 2012) even though they said they were inquiry-oriented. Silm et al (2016) stated that teachers did not apply an inquiry-based approach in their teaching due to the lack of understanding and Previous studies mostly highlighted the effectiveness and attitude of teachers in an inquiry-based approach (Silm et al, 2017), the relationship of inquiry-based approaches and achievement (Teig et al, 2018), scientific literacy through learning-based science learning (Sikas, 2017), implementation of inquiry model among geography teachers (Nawastheen et al, 2014), inquiry-based learning approach practice among teachers (Dai et al, 2011), the relationship between content knowledge of science subjects, attitudes, and practices of inquiry-based learning among teachers (Xie et al, 2014), as well as knowledge, attitudes, and skills in inquiry-based learning of history subject (Mahalingam & Hamzah, 2016). There is still a lack of research that focuses on the relationship between teachers' knowledge of the inquiry-based science teaching and the teachers' skills of four phases of inquiry in implementing the approach.…”