“…This includes designing the course, implementing the teaching and learning process, evaluating the outcomes, etc. (Lukasik et al, 2019;Hb et al, 2020). More specifically, geography teachers need to possess varied knowledge of the natural sciences (e.g., geomorphology, water resources, biology, and the climate) and social sciences (e.g., nation, history, archaeology), be able to explain the relationships between social phenomena, natural events, and geographical space, and teach geographical knowledge (Karaca, 2020;Pirbhai-Illich & Martin, 2020).…”