Teacher’s Feedback on EFL Students’ Writing Errors: Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

Teacher feedback on EFL students' writing is essential in the teaching and learning process. While a large body of research has focused on treatment of errors and content feedback in general, little has been done about the types of mistakes that students can overcome by themselves and how comments on contents should be worded. There are two major causes of errors: first language interference and developmental factors. The former type is harder for learners to overcome and the latter category can be gradually improved by their own efforts. This paper serves dual purposes: diagnosis and treatment. First, it examines types of errors that could be fixed by students with teacher's assistance. Second, it looks into how content feedback should be worded. It specifically analyzes marginal and final comments broken into five categories to see how these types of content feedback help students improve their rewrites. It was found that errors with subject-verb agreement and with nouns used for generic references belong to developmental errors and, thus they do not need teacher's intervention; teacher's comments with directions/suggestions and questions for clarification are the most effective for students to improve their rewrites.Contribution/ Originality: This paper contributes to the literature on EFL writing feedback in the context where the educational culture is heavily teacher-centered. It provides an insight into how teachers' feedback and comments may help students improve their subsequent drafts and points out that teacher's intervention of student's written errors should be selective.

Teacher’s Feedback on Learners’ English Writing Compositions

“…According to Hyland and Hyland (2019), feedback is often seen as one important thing to encourage and consolidate students' learning. Giving feedback is thought of to be one of the strategies in enhancing the integrity and proficiency of students' writing skills (Irfan, 2020;Irwin, 2017;Rodríguez & Mosquera, 2020;Tien, 2021). However, behind the EFL teachers' corrective feedback, many cases were faced themselves.…”