Tea consumption in pregnancy as a predictor of pesticide exposure and adverse birth outcomes: The MIREC Study

Abstract

Pesticide concentrations did not differ by tea intake. Further, tea intake in the first trimester was not associated with adverse birth outcomes. In this study population, there was no evidence for concern about tea intake being a source of the OP or OC pesticide metabolites measured or adversely affecting birth outcomes; however, tea intake was lower than national Canadian data for women of reproductive age.

Distributions and determinants of urinary biomarkers of organophosphate pesticide exposure in a prospective Spanish birth cohort study

“…Regarding the comparison with our study, the metabolite concentrations observed in our study population were lower than those in the women from Norway, Netherlands, and USA. TCPy, DMTP, DEP, and DETP concentrations in our cohort were much lower than those reported for pregnant women from Shanghai (China) [14], Cincinnati (USA) [21], Mexico DF [35], and Canada [22, 24]. Similar concentrations of DEP and TCPy to those of our study were found in the Caribbean Islands [36] and Puerto Rico [23] studies, respectively, although the detection frequencies in our study were lower.…”

Herbal Medicinal Product Use During Pregnancy and the Postnatal Period

“…Sample size ranged from 27 to 500 women in interventional studies, 187 to 860,215 women in observational studies, and one to five women in case reports. Seven studies collected data during the first trimester of pregnancy; 71,82,85,88,96,105,107 10 during the second trimester; 41,58,67,81,83,84,87,89,101,108 12 during the third trimester; 38,62,64,80,91,92,100,102,103,106,109,110 five throughout pregnancy; 69,70,75,90,95 five around the time of labor (a few hours before or after delivery); 37,59–61,77 nine throughout pregnancy and the postnatal period; 14,31,39,72–74,78,79,111 three during the third trimester and the postnatal period; 40,112,113 20 during the postnatal period only; 24,34,56,63,65,66,68,76,86,94,97–99,104,114–119 and two did not specify the precise point during pregnancy of data collection. 57,93…”

“…The methods used to identify adverse events and herb–drug interactions were clinical examination; 37–41,56,57,59,60,63,70,81,82,105,107–112,114–119 patient interviews; 61,65,78,86,93,100,106 patient questionnaires; 24,31,34,72–74,76,85,90,94,95,97–99 diary cards; 62,66,68 laboratory or imaging studies (ie, hematologic and biochemical results, ultrasonography); 71,79,102,120 and review of medical records. 14,64,65,75,77,88,91,92,96,100,113 Eleven studies did not mention how adverse events or herb–drug interactions were identified.…”

“…Thirty-one studies identified and reported the incidence of adverse events. 14,24,56,61,64–70,72–75,81–84,86–89,93–96,99,100,105,106 Fourteen studies reported that no adverse events were observed 57,58,60,62,63,68,71,80,85,101–104,118 (see Appendixes 1–4, available online at http://links.lww.com/AOG/B334, for details). Table 1 reports the most commonly used herbal medicinal products and their reported safety issues.…”

Predictors of Urinary Pyrethroid and Organophosphate Compound Concentrations among Healthy Pregnant Women in New York

“…Drinking non-herbal tea was one of the only significant dietary predictors found to be positively associated with 3-PBA biomarker concentrations in two models (Models A and C). Previous studies suggest that residues of pesticides can persist in samples of teas [ 75 , 76 , 77 ]. We also found that eating any organic food predicted lower concentrations of IMPy and 3-PBA, metabolites of diazinon, and pyrethroids such as permethrin.…”