tDCS application for postural control in Parkinson's disease: Effects are associated with baseline characteristics

Unraveling the threads of stability: A review of the neurophysiology of postural control in Parkinson's disease

“…A meta-analysis found significant improvements using tDCS and/or TMS in people with PD on FoG and UPDRS III scores, with M1 stimulation doubly effective compared to that of the frontal cortex [ 121 ]. Another study found improvements using tDCS over M1 in subjects' recovery time and calf muscle activation during reactive responses, which were inversely related to subjects' baseline levels of postural control [ 122 ]. Contrasting with these results, a crossover study found tDCS applied over M1 did not significantly improve static postural control during a tandem balance task in people with PD compared to sham; however, this study did not gather baseline data of subjects’ postural control abilities [ 123 ].…”

The trajectory of Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi (1956-2022): An eminent researcher of gait and posture

“…Brain areas identified as affected by PD during walking and balance tasks are targeted by tDCS protocols (i.e., non-invasive brain stimulation through electrodes placed on the scalp). Lilian's team has demonstrated that tDCS can provide benefits to gait, balance and cognition as a stand-alone intervention and when combined with exercise 25,26,[28][29][30] .…”

The effect of galvanic vestibular stimulation on postural balance in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The interest in using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for modulating behaviour has included the use of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) in PD to improve balance [4,32,42,48]. Such studies however have reported mixed findings, and a recent meta-analysis showing inconclusive evidence for the impact of tDCS on postural and dynamic balance in PD [32].…”