“…The pressure-based coupled algorithm was used to solve the system of momentum and pressure-based continuity equations simultaneously, as this produces a more robust and accurate solution. Although turbulence flow could be modeled by the Navier Stokes equation by taking turbulence into account, in this simulation, Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) with the realizable k -ε was incorporated because it proved to be a more reliable turbulence model for this type of simulation (52). It holds 2 additional transport equations where turbulence kinetic energy (k) and turbulence dissipation rate (ε) were solved to model the turbulence flow.…”
“…The pressure-based coupled algorithm was used to solve the system of momentum and pressure-based continuity equations simultaneously, as this produces a more robust and accurate solution. Although turbulence flow could be modeled by the Navier Stokes equation by taking turbulence into account, in this simulation, Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) with the realizable k -ε was incorporated because it proved to be a more reliable turbulence model for this type of simulation (52). It holds 2 additional transport equations where turbulence kinetic energy (k) and turbulence dissipation rate (ε) were solved to model the turbulence flow.…”
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