TBBPA disposition and kinetics in pregnant and nursing Wistar Han IGS rats

Abstract

Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) is a brominated flame retardant (BFR) commonly used in electronics to meet fire safety standards and has the largest worldwide production of any BFR. TBBPA has been detected in human breast milk and maternal/cord serum, indicating exposure to mothers, fetuses, and breastfeeding newborns although exposure to fetuses and newborns is poorly understood. Pregnant or nursing Wistar Han IGS rats were administered [C]-TBBPA in a single dose (25 mg/kg, 2.5 μCi/kg) and euthanized between 0.5&24 h post dose to determine disposition in pregnant and nursing rats and their pups. Systemic exposure was largely unchanged between 1&8 h post dose in pregnant rats; [C]-radioactivity in blood varied only slightly between 0.5&8 h (2.6 ± 0.6 → 2.6 ± 0.8 nmol-eq/mL) but was below the limit of detection at 24 h with an absorption half-life of 16min and elimination half-life of 17 h. C was observed at 30min in lactating rats and concentrations fell steadily through 8 h. Plasma from pregnant rats contained a mixture of TBBPA and TBBPA-conjugates at 30min but only metabolites in subsequent samples. TBBPA was not detected in lactating dam plasma in this study. Placental concentrations increased through 8 h while whole-fetus C occurred at 2 h post dose. In lactating animals, liver, uterus, and mammary time-concentration curves lagged slightly behind blood-concentration curves. It was clear from these studies that TBBPA is available to both the developing fetus and nursing pup following maternal exposure, and nursing pups are continuously exposed via contaminated milk produced by their mother. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of NIH/NCI.

A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Silver Nanodendrites and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Determination of Tetrabromobisphenol A in Water

“…The electrochemical behavior of modified electrode was investigated in 10 mL of 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0, containing 5 mM K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 6 ] using Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and A.C. impedance (IMP). The CV measurement was carried out from À0.2 V to + 0.6 V (vs. SCE) with a scan rate of 50 mV · s À1 .…”

“…The CV measurement was carried out from À0.2 V to + 0.6 V (vs. SCE) with a scan rate of 50 mV · s À1 . The calibration curves of prepared sensor and sample analysis were investigated using differential pulse strippinig voltammetry (DPSV) in 10 mL of 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0 containing 5 mM K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 6 ] and different concentration of TBBPA. The optimization of experimental parameters were measured with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in potential range of À0.2 V to + 0.6 V (vs. SCE) with the support electrolyte of 10 mL of 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0, containing 5 mM K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]/K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ].…”

“…In this experiment, the optimal ratio was obtained by detecting the current difference between the MIPs before and after the elution in the presence of 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0) containing 5 mM K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]/K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ]. Proportions of template molecules, functional monomers, and electrolytes during the potentiostatic deposition reaction had an influence on the properties of MIPs.…”

“…The conductivity of electrochemical sensor was verified by CV in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0 containing 5 mM K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]/K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ]. The conductivity of electrochemical sensor was verified by CV in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0 containing 5 mM K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]/K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ].…”

“…Howerver, it is possible to be a new type of persistent organic pollutants for its stable chemical structure and toxic [3]. Moreover, it has been found in our whole life, such as soil, fish, serum and breast milk [4][5][6][7]. Today, TBBPA, a known endocrine disruptor, was an endocrine disruptor accumulates in the human body through the various food chain, which affected the reproductive system and nervous system [8,9].…”