Taxonomy of the Rubus gothicus group in south-eastern central Europe

Trávníček, Bohumil; Sochor, Michal; Kosiński, Piotr; Király, Gergely

doi:10.23855/preslia.2021.321

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A second possible explanation is that the tetraploid records from Central Germany are wrong. Third, a cytotype turnover (i.e., a replacement of one cytotype by another due to selective pressure), as observed for example by Trávníček et al. (2010) in Vicia cracca L., could also explain the observed discrepancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic invasion suggested by a cytogeographic analysis of the halophytic Puccinellia distans complex (Poaceae) in Central Europe

Kúr,

Gregor,

Jandová

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionDespite the wealth of studies dealing with the invasions of alien plants, invasions of alien genotypes of native species (cryptic invasions) have been vastly neglected. The impact of cryptic invasions on the biodiversity of plant communities can, however, be significant. Inland saline habitats and halophytes (i.e., salt-tolerant plant species) are especially threatened by this phenomenon as they inhabit fragmented remnants of largely destroyed habitats, but at the same time some of these halophytic species are rapidly spreading along salt-treated roads. To study potential cryptic invasion of halophytes, the patterns of genome size and ploidy variation in the Puccinellia distans complex (Poaceae), the most rapidly spreading roadside halophyte in Central Europe, were investigated.MethodsDNA flow cytometry with confirmatory chromosome counts were employed to assess ploidy levels of 1414 individuals from 133 populations of the P. distans complex. In addition, climatic niche modelling was used to predict the distributions of selected cytotypes.ResultsEight groups differing in ploidy level and/or genome size were discovered, one diploid (2x; 2n = 14), two tetraploid (4xA, 4xB; 2n = 28), one pentaploid (5x; 2n = 35), three hexaploid (6xA, 6xB, 6xC; 2n = 42), and one heptaploid (7x; 2n = 49). The hexaploids (mostly the 6xC cytotype) were widespread through the study area, spreading intensively in both anthropogenic and natural habitats and probably hybridizing with the natural habitat dwelling tetraploids. In contrast, the non-hexaploid cytotypes rarely spread and were predominantly confined to natural habitats.DiscussionThe extensive spread of the hexaploid cytotypes along roadsides has most likely facilitated their incursion into natural habitats. The colonization of new natural habitats by the hexaploids may pose a threat to the indigenous Puccinellia populations by compromising their genetic integrity and/or by outcompeting them.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic invasion suggested by a cytogeographic analysis of the halophytic Puccinellia distans complex (Poaceae) in Central Europe

Kúr,

Gregor,

Jandová

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…The frequency of each cytotype observed in a population at one point in time only captures an instant of the inter-and intra-cytotype dynamics, yet the intricate processes resulting in one or the other type dominating or coexistence ultimately unfold over many generations. Temporal monitoring of perennial mixed-cytotype populations is rare, with the single set of long-term population surveys revealing stable cytotype frequencies over a 40-year timespan (Trávníček et al 2010). The paucity of systems with temporal surveys is likely due to the tedious nature of quantifying ploidal level and known extended life-span of multiple cytotype systems (Kolář et al 2017;Van Drunen and Friedman 2022).…”

Section: Population Trajectorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the theoretical expectation of spatial divergence, mixed cytotype populations lacking spatial segregation have been observed in many taxa (as reviewed by Kolář et al 2017). It is unknown if these observations of mixed cytotypes are merely ephemeral 'snapshots' (Levin 1975;Mráz et al 2022); however, persistence of an autotetraploid in natural populations is difficult to monitor, and temporal observations of naturally occurring mixed-ploidy populations are few: for example, a stable perennial system (Vicia cracca (Fabaceae); Trávníček et al 2010) and two systems (annual and mixed life history) which are persistent despite fluctuations in the relative frequency of cytotypes (Centaurea stoebe (Asteraceae) and Tripleurospermum inodorum (Asteraceae) ; Mráz et al 2022;Čertner et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of mixed-ploidy populations under demographic and environmental stochasticities

Gaynor

Kortessis

Soltis

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The theoretical population dynamics of autopolyploids - organisms with more than two genome copies of a single ancestral species - and their diploid progenitors have been extensively studied. The acquisition of multiple genome copies, being in essence a stochastic process, strongly suggests a probabilistic approach to examine the long-term dynamics of a population with multiple cytotypes. Yet, our current understanding of empirical evidence on the dynamics of autopolyploid populations has not incorporated stochastic population dynamics. To investigate the factors contributing to the probability and stability of coexisting cytotypes, we designed a new population dynamics model with demographic and environmental stochasticities to simulate the formation, establishment, and persistence of diploids, triploids, and autotetraploids over time when gene flow is allowed among cytotypes. Contrary to previous research, increased selfing rates and pronounced reproductive isolation stabilized the long-run coexistence of multiple cytotypes. In stressful environments, these dynamics become much more complex, and our stochastic modeling approach helped reveal the resulting intricacies that give tetraploids competitive advantage over their diploid progenitors. Our work is fundamental to a better understanding of the dynamics of coexistence of multiple cytotypes and is a necessary step for further work modeling the dynamics between an autopolyploid and its diploid progenitor.

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“…However, the problem also concerns species within taxonomically problematic and species-rich genera with morphologically similar or cryptic species, such as Rubus, Hieracium, Campanula, Orobanche, Stipa, Oxytropis, etc. (Wolanin et al 2016, 2020Aleksić et al 2018;Piwowarczyk et al 2019;Chen et al 2020;Nobis et al 2020a;Baiakhmetov et al 2021;Kosiński et al 2021;Trávníček et al 2021;Havlíček et al 2022;Szeląg 2022;Vintsek et al 2022;Wang et al 2022;Nobis et al 2023). Globally distributed dandelions (Taraxacum, Asteraceae) can also be included in this group (Uhlemann 2002(Uhlemann , 2016Scott and Rich 2013;Štěpánek and Kirschner 2017;Marciniuk et al 2018;Kirschner et al 2020Kirschner et al , 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland

Wolanin¹,

Klichowska²,

Jędrzejczyk³

et al. 2023

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The dandelions from Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma are taxonomically well distinguished and ecologically restricted to warm and sunlit habitats of steppes, dry and sandy grasslands, and distributed in temperate regions of Europe and Central Asia, with some being introduced to North America. Despite the long tradition of botanical research, the taxonomy and distribution of dandelions of T. sect. Erythrosperma is still underexplored in central Europe. In this paper, by combining traditional taxonomic studies supported by micromorphological, molecular and flow cytometry analyses as well as potential distribution modelling we shed light on taxonomical and phylogenetical relationships between members of T. sect. Erythrosperma in Poland. We also provide an identification key, species-checklist, detailed descriptions of morphology and occupated habitats as well as distribution maps for 14 Polish erythrosperms (T. bellicum, T. brachyglossum, T. cristatum, T. danubium, T. disseminatum, T. dissimile, T. lacistophyllum, T. parnassicum, T. plumbeum, T. proximum, T. sandomiriense, T. scanicum, T. tenuilobum, T. tortilobum). Finally, conservation assessments performed using the IUCN method and threat categories for all the examined species are proposed.

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Taxonomy of the Rubus gothicus group in south-eastern central Europe

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Cryptic invasion suggested by a cytogeographic analysis of the halophytic Puccinellia distans complex (Poaceae) in Central Europe

Cryptic invasion suggested by a cytogeographic analysis of the halophytic Puccinellia distans complex (Poaceae) in Central Europe

Dynamics of mixed-ploidy populations under demographic and environmental stochasticities

Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland

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Taxonomy of the Rubus gothicus group in south-eastern central Europe

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Cryptic invasion suggested by a cytogeographic analysis of the halophytic Puccinellia distans complex (Poaceae) in Central Europe

Cryptic invasion suggested by a cytogeographic analysis of the halophytic Puccinellia distans complex (Poaceae) in Central Europe

Dynamics of mixed-ploidy populations under demographic and environmental stochasticities

﻿Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland

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Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland