Taxonomy of the Caliciviruses

Green, K Y; Ando, Tamie; Balayan, M. S.; Berke, Tamás; Clarke, Ian N.; Estes, Mary K.; Matson, David O.; Nakata, Shuji; Neill, John D.; Studdert, M. J.; Thiel, Heinz-Jürgen

doi:10.1086/315591

Cited by 431 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…FCV -one of the most consistent clinical signs of FCV is oral vesicles/ulceration) and the lagoviruses (rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus and European brown hare syndrome virus) [35]. Feline calicivirus has a small single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 7.7 kb.…”

Section: Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline calicivirus

et al. 2007

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-Feline calicivirus (FCV) is an important and highly prevalent pathogen of cats. It belongs to the family Caliciviridae which includes other significant pathogens of man and animals. As an RNA virus, high polymerase error rates convey upon FCV a high genome plasticity, and allow the virus to respond rapidly to environmental selection pressures. This makes the virus very adaptable and has important implications for clinical disease and its control. Being genetically diverse, FCV is associated with a range of clinical syndromes from inapparent infections to relatively mild oral and upper respiratory tract disease with or without acute lameness. More recently, highly virulent forms of the virus have emerged associated with a systemic infection that is frequently fatal. A proportion of FCV infected cats that recover from acute disease, remain persistently infected. In such cats, virus evolution is believed to help the virus to evade the host immune response. Such longterm carriers may only represent a minority of the feline population but are likely to be crucial to the epidemiology of the virus. Vaccination against FCV has been available for many years and has effectively reduced the incidence of clinical disease. However, the vaccines do not prevent infection and vaccinated cats can still become persistently infected. In addition, FCV strain variability means that not all strains are protected against equally. Much progress has been made in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of this important feline virus. Challenges for the future will necessarily focus on how to control the variability of this virus particularly in relation to emerging virulent strains and vaccination.

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Section: Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline calicivirus

et al. 2007

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“…C aliciviruses infect a variety of species in nature including swine, humans, rabbits, sea lions, and cats (Green et al 2000). Feline calicivirus (FCV) infections are usually inapparent or are associated with fever, limping, and mild glossal/palatine ulceration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An epizootic of highly virulent feline calicivirus disease in a hospital setting in New England

Schorr-Evans

Poland

Johnson³

et al. 2003

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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This article reports an outbreak of 24 cases of an unusually virulent feline calicivirus (FCV) infection in a small animal hospital. The circumstances and disease signs were very similar to those recently described in an outbreak of FCV hemorrhagic disease in Northern California (Vet. Microbiol. 73 (2000) 281). The virus entered the facility through shelter cats showing upper respiratory signs. Affected cats manifested high fever, anorexia, labored respirations, oral ulceration, facial and limb edema, icterus, and pancreatitis. The infection spread rapidly among the patients by contaminated animal caretakers and hospital equipment. One case of fomite transmission from an employee to a housecat was documented. Prior vaccination, even with multiple doses of FCV-F9-based live calicivirus vaccine, was not protective. Affected cats often required extensive supportive care for 7-10 days, and the overall mortality from death and euthanasia was 32%. The strain of FCV responsible for this outbreak was genetically and serologically distinct from the FCV strain responsible for a similar epizootic and the FCV-F9 strain contained in most vaccines. Outbreaks of this type are being reported with increasing frequency, and are often associated with the practice of treating sick shelter cats in private practices. Similar to the present epizootic, outbreaks of FCV hemorrhagic disease have been self-limiting, but require prompt application of strict quarantine, isolation, personnel sanitation, and disinfection procedures.

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“…The members of the genera "Sapporo-like viruses" (SLVs) and "Norwalk-like viruses" (NLVs) in the family Caliciviridae [14,32] are an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans [4,8,10,12,21,28,30,39,40,43] and animals [7,15,26,38]. In humans, the illnesses caused by SLVs and NLVs differ in epidemiological features and clinical symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%