Taxonomy, morphology and distribution of Cymatosiraceae (Bacillariophyceae) in the littorals of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Species of Cymatosiraceae (diatoms) studied from Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul littorals: Campylosira cymbelliformis, Cymatosira belgica, Cymatosirella minutissima, Plagiogrammopsis minima and Plagiogrammopsis vanheurckii) are presented with a morphological description, dimension data, distribution in the studied area and are illustrated in light microscope, and scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Superficial sand samples from the swash zone and plankton were collected from over 30 marine sandy beaches. Cymatosirella minutissima and Plagiogrammopsis minima are new recordings in Brazil widening their distribution to South America, previously being restricted to Europe. Campylosira cymbelliformis was the species most often observed in plankton samples and Plagiogrammopsis minima in sediment samples. Cymatosira belgica and Plagiogrammopsis minima were recorded as abundant species in Mariscal, Quatro Ilhas and Zimbros reaching a relative frequency of 9.6%. The study adds new morphological data to some taxa as the presence of rimoportula on C. minutissima and one row of poroids on copulae of P. minima, these features being in agreement with Cymatosiraceae diagnosis. Keywords: biodiversity, psammic diatoms, sandy beaches, South Atlantic Ocean.GARCIA, M. Taxonomia, morfologia e distribuic¸ão de Cymatosiraceae (Bacillariophyceae) nos litorais de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Biota Neotropica. 16(2): e20150139-. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/ 1676-0611-BN-2015-0139Resumo: As espécies de Cymatosiraceae (diatomá cea) encontradas no litoral de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul: Cymatosira belgica, Campylosira cymbelliformis, Cymatosirella minutissima, Plagiogrammopsis minima e Plagiogrammopsis vanheurckii sã o apresentadas com descric¸õ es morfoló gicas acompanhadas de dados referentes a dimensõ es, distribuic¸ã o na á rea de estudo e ilustrac¸õ es em microscopia ó ptica, e eletrô nica de varredura e de transmissã o. As amostras da areia superficial foram coletadas na regiã o de varrido das ondas e de plâ ncton em mais de 30 praias arenosas. Cymatosirella minutissima and Plagiogrammopsis minima sã o registros novos para o Brasil ampliando sua distribuic¸ão para a América do Sul antes restritas à Europe. Campylosira cymbelliformis foi a espécies mais frequentemente observada nas amostras de plâ ncton and Plagiogramma minima in the sediment samples. Cymatosira belgica e Plagiogrammopsis minima sã o registradas como espécies abundantes em Mariscal, Quatro Ilhas e Zimbros alcanc¸ando a freqü ência relativa má xima de 9,6%. Este estudo adiciona novos dados morfoló gicos para alguns tá xons com a presenc¸a de uma rimopó rtula em C. minutissima e uma fileira de poró ides nas có pulas de P. minima, estando estas características de acordo com a diagnose da Cymatosiraceae. Palavras-chave: Biodiversidade, diatomáceas psâmicas, Oceano Atlântico Sul, praias arenosas.

Toward a multigene phylogeny of the Cymatosiraceae (Bacillariophyta, Mediophyceae) II: morphological and molecular insights into the taxonomy of the forgotten species Campylosira africana and of Extubocellulus, with a description of two new taxa

“…, fig. 11 and Garcia , figs. 1, 2, 11–16), while C. africana is more lanceolate to sublunate, with an abrupt reduction in valve width at the apices (Fig.…”

“…, f–h), which are lacking in P. minima (Sabbe et al. , Garcia ). Plagiogrammopsis castigatus has a more prominent costa and inner and outer rimoportula tubes than P. minima (compare Fig.…”

“…6 lm vs. 3 lm in P. minima) and possesses girdle bands clearly perforated by wide poroids and an extension of the central mantle area (Fig. 2, f-h), which are lacking in P. minima (Sabbe et al 2010, Garcia 2016. Plagiogrammopsis castigatus has a more prominent costa and inner and outer rimoportula tubes than P. minima (compare Fig.…”

“…Representatives of the Cymatosiraceae are an important component of estuarine and marine littoral habitats, especially in temperate and tropical coastal waters (Witkowski et al 2000, L opez-Fuerte et al 2010, Sabbe et al 2010, Manoylov and Dominy 2013, Garcia 2016, Siqueiros-Beltrones et al 2017). However, due to the minute cell size (ca.…”

Holocene coastal evolution of Colorado River Delta based on diatom assemblages, Northern Patagonia, Argentina

“…The C. belgica has a cosmopolitan distribution and its life form is epipsammitic (associated with sands), although it can also be found in silty sediments and occasionally in plankton (Underwood 1994). C. belgica is abundant in sandy marginal coastal areas such as open beaches or bays and tidal channels at depths of 3˗10 m (Vos & de Wolf 1988, García 2016. Currently, there is abundance of this species at the mouth of coastal lagoons such as the Patos Lagoon, southern Brazil (da Silva et al 2010) and dominates the epipelitic community at the mouth of deltaic systems with significant tidal influence (Manoylov & Dominy 2013).…”