Taxonomy, Life History, and Population Sex Ratios of North American &lt;I&gt;Dasineura&lt;/I&gt; (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Goldenrods (Asteraceae)

Dorchin, Netta; Clarkin, Carolyn E.; Scott, Eric R.; Luongo, M. P.; Abrahamson, Warren G.

doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2007)100[539:tlhaps]2.0.co;2

Cited by 19 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Dasineura gigantea stands out among other members of the Myrtaceae-associated species for having very short flagellomere necks in the male and a short and wide larval spatula as opposed to the long-shafted spatula typical of most Dasineura species (Angelo and Maia 1999). It has been previously shown (Kolesik et al 2005;Dorchin et al 2007) that despite the general morphological uniformity in Dasineura, closely related species can exhibit taxonomically useful variation in morphological characters.…”

Section: General Taxonomic Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new Dasineura species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from coastal tea tree, Leptospermum laevigatum (Myrtaceae) in Australia

Dorchin

Adair²

2011

Australian Journal of Entomology

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Two new species of gall midges, Dasineura strobila Dorchin n.sp. and D. tomentosa Dorchin n.sp., are described from galls in vegetative and reproductive buds of coastal tea tree, Leptospermum laevigatum from Australia and South Africa. Galls cause abortion of buds and, when induced in reproductive tissues, prevent fruit set and seed formation. Despite their assumed relatedness, the two species exhibit clear morphological differences in larvae, pupae and adults of both sexes as well as in the morphology of their galls. These are the first Dasineura species to be described from plants of the Myrtaceae outside the Neotropical and Nearctic regions and the first ones recorded from the chiefly Australian subfamily Leptospermoideae. Given the effect of galls on growth and reproduction of the plant, the gall midges are considered as possible biological control agents of coastal tea tree in areas of Australia and South Africa where the plant is an invasive weed.

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Section: General Taxonomic Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new Dasineura species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from coastal tea tree, Leptospermum laevigatum (Myrtaceae) in Australia

Dorchin

Adair²

2011

Australian Journal of Entomology

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“…However, observations of some strictly monogenous populations with biased sex ratio (for example McClay 1996; Havelka and Zemek 1999;Dorchin and Freidberg 2004;Dorchin et al 2007) have raised the question of whether gall midges are able to adjust their offspring sex ratio in response to environmental conditions as is seen in Hymenopteran (for examples, see Charnov 1982;Werren 1984;King 1993). Theoretically, monogeny may provide an opportunity for sex ratio regulation in gall midges in two potential ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to previous studies, the sex ratio of gall midges tends to be almost 1:1 when it is calculated just at the time of adult emergence using methods that prevent emerging individuals from dispersal (Baxendale and Teetes 1981;Smith et al 2004;Mo and Liu 2007;Roubos and Liburd 2010); however, by direct sampling from natural populations, a female-biased sex ratio is usually estimated (Havelka and Zemek 1999;Dorchin and Freidberg 2004;Rajamani et al 2004;Smith et al 2004;Dorchin et al 2007). This contradiction between various studies shows that some secondary factors are involved in sex ratio biases from the primary sex ratio (1:1) after the appearance of adult gall midges in nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An equal sex ratio followed by differential sex mortality causes overestimation of females in gall midges: no evidence for sex ratio regulation

Tabadkani

Ashouri

Qolizadeh

2012

Naturwissenschaften

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Monogeny, the production of unisexual broods by individual females, has been recognized for nearly 80 years. The genetic nature of gall midges' sex determination predicts an equal numbers of male-producing and female-producing females in the populations such that the overall sex ratio is expected to be nearly 1:1. However, observations of some strictly monogenous populations with biased sex ratio, mainly toward females, have raised the question of whether gall midges are able to adjust their offspring sex ratio in response to changes in environmental conditions, and some authors have even considered sex ratio regulation as a strong force in the course of the evolution of monogeny. In this paper, first, by studying the sex ratio variations of the predatory gall midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza within a generation, we showed that adult males emerge up to 1 day earlier and have shorter life span than females (less than 4 days and up to 6 days, respectively). Although, the sex ratio of A. aphidimyza at the time of emergence was nearly 1:1 (52.41% males), a simple population simulation indicated that the differential mortality of sexes can lead to a female-biased sex ratio estimation (57.88% females) under random sampling in the natural environments. Our results imply that the primary sex ratio of monogenous gall midges is nearly 1:1 and that the arrhenogenic/thelygenic gall midges are not able to alter the number of their male/female progenies in response to changes in environmental conditions.

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“…1). Apparently, the female biased sex ratio in most species of monogenous gall midges is, at least in part, associated with differential pre-and post adult mortality of male and female progenies under harsh conditions (Dorchin & Freidberg, 2004;Smith et al, 2004;Dorchin et al, 2007). For example, the sex ratio of the wheat midge Sitodiplosis mosellana is biased toward females by 6-11% as a result of differential mortality during diapause (Smith et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are records of some strictly monogenous populations with a skewed sex ratio, mainly toward females (e.g. Matuszewski, 1982;McClay, 1996;Havelka & Zemek, 1999;Rajamani et al, 2004;Dorchin et al, 2007;Ogah et al, 2010), which has raised the question of whether gall midges are able to manipulate the sex ratio of their offspring in response to environmental conditions (Barnes, 1931;Werren et al, 2002;Harris et al, 2003)? This ability may appear in two potential ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does monogeny enable gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) to regulate their sex ratio?

Tabadkani¹,

Ashouri²,

Farhoudi³

2012

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Monogeny, the production of unisexual broods by individual females, is widely recorded in gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Theoretical models propose that the adjustment of offspring sex ratio by females may pre-dispose the evolution of monogeny in gall midges however empirical studies in this field are superficial. Expressed more simply, monogeny may enable individual female gall midges to decrease or increase the number of male and female progeny they produce in response to changes in environmental conditions. Host quality/size is repeatedly reported to influence sexual investment in insects in terms of sex ratio adjustment. In this paper, we examined the sex ratio of the offspring of the monogenous predatory gall midge Aphidoletes aphidimyza attacking low and high abundances of the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii. Two consecutive generations of female gall midges were presented with either a low or high abundance of aphids in each generation and the sex ratio of their progenies determined. There was no difference between the sex ratio of the progenies that developed on the high or low abundance of A. gossypii in the two generations. Apparently, the females did not regulate the number of female and male progenies, or adjust the numbers of male or female's eggs they produced in response to the changes in the abundance of prey. Results of this study do not support the theory of sex ratio regulation proposed for monogenous gall midges. It is likely that the skewed sex ratio in most species of monogenous gall midges is a consequence of differential mortality of male and female progenies under harsh conditions. The finding that male and female larvae did not differ in the number of aphids they require to complete their development supports this claim.

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Taxonomy, Life History, and Population Sex Ratios of North American <I>Dasineura</I> (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Goldenrods (Asteraceae)

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Two new Dasineura species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from coastal tea tree, Leptospermum laevigatum (Myrtaceae) in Australia

Two new Dasineura species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from coastal tea tree, Leptospermum laevigatum (Myrtaceae) in Australia

An equal sex ratio followed by differential sex mortality causes overestimation of females in gall midges: no evidence for sex ratio regulation

Does monogeny enable gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) to regulate their sex ratio?

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