Taxonomy, distribution and ecology of the order Phyllodocida (Annelida, Polychaeta) in deep-sea habitats around the Iberian margin

Abstract

The polychaetes of the order Phyllodocida (excluding Nereidiformia and Phyllodociformia incertae sedis) collected from deep-sea habitats of the Iberian margin (Bay of Biscay, Horseshoe continental rise, Gulf of Cadiz and Alboran Sea), and Atlantic seamounts (Gorringe Bank, Atlantis and Nameless) are reported herein. Thirty-six species belonging to seven families-Acoetidae, Pholoidae, Polynoidae, Sigalionidae, Glyceridae, Goniadidae and Phyllodocidae, were identified. Amended descriptions and/or new illustrations are given for the species Allmaniella setubalensis, Anotochaetonoe michelbhaudi, Lepidasthenia brunnea and Polynoe sp.. Relevant taxonomical notes are provided for other seventeen species. Allmaniella setubalensis, Anotochaetonoe michelbhaudi, Harmothoe evei, Eumida longicirrata and Glycera noelae, previously known only from their type localities were found in different deep-water places of the studied areas and constitute new records for the Iberian margin. The geographic distributions and the bathymetric range of thirteen and fifteen species, respectively, are extended. The morphology-based biodiversity inventory was complemented with DNA sequences of the mitochondrial barcode region (COI barcodes) providing a molecular tag for future reference. Twenty new sequences were obtained for nine species in the families Acoetidae, Glyceridae and Polynoidae and for three lineages within the Phylodoce madeirensis complex (Phyllodocidae). A brief analysis of the newly obtained sequences and publicly available COI barcode data for the genera herein reported, highlighted several cases of unclear taxonomic assignments, which need further study.

Annelids of the eastern Australian abyss collected by the 2017 RV ‘Investigator’ voyage

“…Current specimens closely resemble the redescription of Eumida longicirrata ( Eibye-Jacobsen 1991 ), although the raised postero-dorsal semi-circular structures were not as distinct, and in some cases not visible at all. Similar observations were noted by Ravara et al (2017b) for E. longicirrata collected from the Gulf of Cadiz. Considering that the recorded distribution of E. longicirrata appears to be limited to the margins of the Iberian Peninsula ( Ravara et al 2017b ), we tentatively regard this as a different species until further investigation.…”

“…Similar observations were noted by Ravara et al (2017b) for E. longicirrata collected from the Gulf of Cadiz. Considering that the recorded distribution of E. longicirrata appears to be limited to the margins of the Iberian Peninsula ( Ravara et al 2017b ), we tentatively regard this as a different species until further investigation.…”

Molecular and morphometric analyses identify new lineages within a large Eumida (Annelida) species complex

“…nov, grouped in the consensus MOTU 15 (Figure ), has an average COI distance to its congeners of 19.1%, while the unnamed Eumida GB22 lineage has 17.4% mean COI nucleotide divergence compared with the remaining Essc. These values are within the range of COI distances recorded in earlier studies between established polychaete species (Carr et al, ; Lobo et al, ; Ravara, Ramos, Teixeira, Costa, & Cunha, ). Regarding the nuclear markers, mean interspecific distance values for these two lineages are higher compared to the remaining complex (around 10.0% for ITS region and 1.5% for 28S) with the exception of E. maia and Eumida F22 (Table ), which have distances in the same range.…”

Molecular diversity within the genus Laeonereis (Annelida, Nereididae) along the west Atlantic coast: paving the way for integrative taxonomy

“…For example, comprehensive studies on the polychaete fauna of the Arctic ( Carr et al, 2011 ) and north-eastern Atlantic ( Lobo et al, 2016 ) reported mean COI congeneric distances (K2P) of 16.5% and 24.0%, respectively, vs the 16.9% observed here. Our findings are also consistent with pairwise comparisons among closely-related species observed both within Nereididae (e.g., Glasby, Wei & Gibb, 2013 ; Paiva et al, 2019 ) and in other polychaete families, such as Amphinomidae ( Barroso et al, 2010 ), Capitellidae ( Silva et al, 2017 ), Onuphidae ( Rodrigues et al, 2009 ; Seixas et al, 2020 ), Sabellidae ( Capa & Murray, 2015 ), Phyllodocidae ( Ravara et al, 2017 ), and Syllidae ( Álvarez-Campos, Giribet & Riesgo, 2017 ).…”