Taxonomy and new records of Graphidaceae lichens in Western Pangasinan, Northern Philippines

Abstract

<jats:p>There are limited studies on the diversity of Philippine lichenized fungi. This study collected and determined corticolous Graphidaceae from 38 collection sites in 10 municipalities of western Pangasinan province. The study found 35 Graphidaceae species belonging to 11 genera. Graphis is the dominant genus with 19 species. Other species belong to the genera Allographa (3 species) Fissurina (3), Phaeographis (3), while Austrotrema, Chapsa, Diorygma, Dyplolabia, Glyphis, Ocellularia, and Thelotrema had one species each. This taxonomic survey added 14 new records of Graphidaceae to the flora of western Pangasinan.</jats:p>

Taxonomy and new distributional records of corticolous manglicolous microlichens in Bangrin Marine Protected Area, Philippines

“…Most of the collections came from decaying wood and branches of mangroves. A maximum of three specimens were collected for each site for morphoanatomical and chemical examinations and vouchering (Fajardo & Bawingan, 2019). The lichen collections are present at the Pangasinan State University (PSU) -Lingayen Biology Laboratory.…”

“…The morphology of the thallus and the ascocarp for each specimen collected was observed under a stereomicroscope with a magnification of 40x. Free-hand thin sections of the ascocarp, thalli, and other structures were done to examine the ascus, crystal, epihymenium, hymenium, spore, subhymenium, and thallus (n=5) (Fajardo & Bawingan, 2019;Joshi, Upreti, Divakar, Lumbsch & Lücking, 2018). Measurements of all anatomical parts were done in water mounts.…”

“…Spot color tests were used to initially detect the presence of lichenic acids, such as the K test (10% aqueous KOH solution) (K test), C test (aqueous solution of Ca(ClO) 2 ), P test (an ethanolic solution of paraphenylenediamine), and I test (Iodine solution) (Fajardo & Bawingan, 2019). The protocol of Orange, James and White (2001) using solvent system C of the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used to identify the specific lichenic acid present.…”

“…Several lichen studies have been done in the Philippines; however, there were only two research conducted in Pangasinan (Bawingan et al, 2014;Fajardo & Bawingan, 2019). Moreover, there are few studies on lichens found in mangroves due to the limited accessibility of this type of ecosystem (Panda et al, 2017).…”

“…Lucban and Paguiringan (2019) studied the occurrence of manglicolous lichens in the Calabarzon region, wherein 40 lichens were documented, 29 species of which were new records in the Philippines. In addition, the study of Fajardo and Bawingan (2019) was limited to the manglicolous lichens found in the inland waters of Pangasinan.…”