Taxonomic transfer of the red algae Chrysymenia enteromorpha and C. wrightii to the genus Botryocladia (Rhodymeniaceae, Rhodymeniales)

Abstract

Genera in the Rhodymeniaceae Harvey that have a hollow thallus lacking diaphragms have been placed in Chrysymenia J. Chrysymenia has traditionally been defined by a lack of internal rhizoids and with the only solid portion of the thallus limited to the stipe. Botryocladia has been differentiated from Chrysymenia by the presence of larger, solid axes. Our results suggest that on the basis of vegetative characters alone, the true Chrysymenia clade contains specimens that exclusively produce gland cells directly on unmodified medullary cells, whereas Botryocladia and Cresia may or may not cut off gland cells from modified gland-supporting medullary cells. On the basis of comparative rbcL and SSU sequence analyses and morphological data, the hollow, gelatinous species Chrysymenia enteromorpha Harvey from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, and Chrysymenia wrightii Harvey described from the northwest Pacific Ocean are newly transferred to the genus Botryocladia as Botryocladia enteromorpha (Harvey) comb. nov. and B. wrightii (Harvey) comb. nov., respectively.

The Critical Importance of Rhodoliths in the Life Cycle Completion of Both Macro- and Microalgae, and as Holobionts for the Establishment and Maintenance of Marine Biodiversity

“…(Hapalidiales) and Sporolithon sinusmexicanum (Sporolithales). In contrast, autogenic rhodoliths (Figures 4D-F) are derived from already existing calcium carbonate rubble established by differential erosion processes of the caprock (Gore, 1992), with the rubble becoming secondarily covered by various encrusting and fleshy algae (Felder et al, 2014;Fredericq et al, 2014;Richards et al, 2014Richards et al, , 2016Krayesky-Self et al, 2017;Schmidt et al, 2017). We view the autogenic rhodoliths as a specific type of nucleated rhodoliths (sensu Freiwald and Henrich, 1994) in which the core derives from calcium carbonate rubble as opposed to other materials.…”

Notas sobre las algas marinas de la Reserva Internacional de la Biosfera Seaflower, Caribe Colombiano VIII: nuevos registros de algas rojas (Rhodophyta) de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Colombia

“…Their thalli consist of small, swollen vesicles, borne either alone or in small groups on a solid, erect axis (Wilkes et al, 2006). To date, there are 17 recognized species of Botryocladia in the tropical and subtropical Western Atlantic (Wynne, 2017;Schmidt et al, 2017). Botryocladia spinulifera was described by Taylor and Abbott (1973) from the West Indies.…”

First Report of Endolithic Members of Rhodosorus marinus (Stylonematales, Rhodophyta) Growing Inside Rhodoliths Offshore Louisiana, Northwestern Gulf of Mexico

“…Biogenic rhodoliths (Figure 1a) are formed by the non-geniculate CCA themselves, e.g., Lithothamnion sp. In contrast, autogenic rhodoliths are derived from already existing calcium carbonate rubble established by differential erosion processes of the caprock (Gore, 1992), with the rubble becoming secondarily covered by various encrusting and fleshy algae (Felder et al, 2014;Fredericq et al, 2014;Richards et al, 2016;Krayesky-Self et al, 2017;Schmidt et al, 2017). Autogenic rhodoliths are viewed as a specific type of nucleated rhodoliths (sensu Freiwald and Henrich, 1994) in which the core derives from calcium carbonate rubble as opposed to other materials.…”