Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical hover fly genus Senaspis Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)

Meyer, M. De; Goergen, Georg; Jordaens, Kurt

doi:10.3897/zookeys.1003.56557

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the morphological differences between these two genera are subtle, such that it is not possible to unambiguously separate both sexes of all species. De Meyer et al (2020aMeyer et al ( , 2020b showed that eye morphology of males from P. melas and Phytomia poensis (i.e., the P. melas speciesgroup) was slightly deviant from other Phytomia species, possibly reflecting transitional changes between the holoptic Phytomia and the dichoptic Simoides. As suggested by De Meyer et al (2020b) on the basis of preliminary tree reconstructions, Phytomia and Simoides cannot be maintained as separate entities and that the morphological differences between both genera (i.e., holoptic eyes in male Phytomia, dichoptic eyes in male Simoides) at least have evolved twice.…”

Section: Intrageneric Relationships In the Genus Mesembriusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large‐scale multigene phylogenetic approaches have not been applied in this group, and intrageneric relationships for these genera should therefore be considered as merely indicative. This also holds for the taxonomic revisions of Eristalinae of the Afrotropical Region, including revisions of Ceriana Rafinesque (F. C. Thompson, 2013), Chasmomma Bezzi (Kassebeer, 2000), Eristalinus Rondani (subgenus Merodonoides Curran) (F. C. Thompson, 2019), Megatrigon Johnson (Doczkal et al, 2016), (part of) Merodon Meigen (Radenković et al, 2011), Mesembrius Rondani (Jordaens et al, 2021), Phytomia Guérin‐Méneville (De Meyer et al, 2020b), Senaspis Macquart (De Meyer et al, 2020a) and Syritta Le Peletier & Serville (Lyneborg & Barkemeyer, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematics of Afrotropical Eristalinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) using mitochondrial phylogenomics

Mullens

Sonet

Virgilio

et al. 2022

Systematic Entomology

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We examined the phylogeny and intrageneric classification of eristaline hoverfly genera from the Afrotropical Region using mitochondrial genomes. Genome skimming was used to obtain (nearly) full mtDNA and nuclear rDNA (18S, 28S) genomes of 120 museum vouchers from eight genera and 98 species. Phylogenetic reconstructions of mitogenomes and mitogenomes + nuclear rDNA yielded comparable phylogenies while that of rDNA only resulted in poorly resolved phylogenies. Phylogenetic analyses focused on six genera and supported the monophyly of the genera Chasmomma Bezzi, Eristalinus Rondani, Mesembrius Rondani and Syritta Le Peletier & Serville, whereas Simoides Loew was not monophyletic and rendered Phytomia Guérin‐Méneville paraphyletic. We therefore synonymize Simoides with Phytomia. Within Chasmomma, two species‐groups that differ in the colour and the shape of the hind femora (Chasmomma femoratum and Chasmomma nigrum species‐groups) were supported. Within Eristalinus, the monophyly of the subgenera Merodonoides Curran and Eristalodes Mik was supported, but not of the subgenus Eristalinus Rondani. Within Syritta, the monophyly of three out of the five species‐groups tested was rejected. This approach illustrates the importance of integrative and iterative approaches in taxonomy and shows that genomic data may not only clarify the systematic relationships among hoverfly genera and species, but also offer perspectives into the evolution of morphological and ecological variation within the family.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intrageneric Relationships In the Genus Mesembriusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematics of Afrotropical Eristalinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) using mitochondrial phylogenomics

Mullens

Sonet

Virgilio

et al. 2022

Systematic Entomology

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“…(c) dragonfly wing [88]. (d) honeybee wing [89] Aerodynamic theories in conventional aircraft are not sufficiently able to elucidate the principles of insect flight. However, prior studies have revealed how insects with flapping wings can produce large aerodynamic forces [7][8][9].…”

Section: List Of Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Wing Flexibility on Vortex Behaviors and Aerodynamic Performance in Various Flapping Flights

Ryu

2024

Preprint

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<p>This dissertation presents various studies on vortex structures and aerodynamic characteristics in flapping flexible wings to offer design considerations for flapping micro aerial vehicle (FMAV) developments. A dynamically scaled-up flapping robot, mounted with a6-axis sensor, and a digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) technique are used to measure aerodynamic force/moment and flow vector-fields during flapping wings in a water tank. Wing models with or without leading edge veins have different thicknesses, providing various wing flexibilities. Studies of flapping wings without veins in two different flapping kinematics are firstly proposed to demonstrate the wing flexibility effect on aerodynamic performance. The flexible wings generally lead to a leading-edge vortex (LEV) generation delay, causing a lift decline. However, the flexible wing in the specific range of flexibility (non-dimensional spanwise flexural stiffness of 35−80) enhances more lift than the rigid and highly flexible wings due to a wider LEV attachment area. The appropriate deformations lead to the attached LEV during the wing reversal. After the stroke reversal, the portion of the attached LEV flows over the leading-edge, causing a downward flux over a new LEV structure near the wingtip. In addition, flexible wings with leading-edge veins had a dynamic camber, causing a poor lift enhancement except for its initial augmentation. Nevertheless, the specific flexible wing (non-dimensional chordwise flexural stiffness of ~1) obtains a higher aerodynamic performance due to reducing the mechanical power requirement to fly. The above LEV attachment is influenced by the downwash from the wingtip vortex (TV). The TV is differed depending on the wingtip shape and the wing deformations, conducting a comparative study of hawkmoth-like and rectangular wings. In a rigid case, the rectangular wing has better aerodynamic performance than the hawkmoth-like wing, whereas in a flexible case, it has not. The flexible hawkmoth-like wing secures a wider LEV region with improved circulations, achieving about twice the increase rate from rigid to flexible wings on lift-drag ratio and a much more lift-power ratio. The results obtained will provide the specific range of wing flexibility and the importance of the wingtip design to allow better aerodynamic performance in FMAV developments with flexible wings.</p>

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“…Indeed, Whittington (2003) in his assessment of the Afrotropical syrphid fauna points out that the taxonomy of most of the Afrotropical hover fly genera is poorly known and that generic identification keys are largely incomplete. However, in recent years, the number of taxonomic studies on the group is increasing with new identification keys for a number of genera, including Afrosyrphus Curran, 1927 ( Mengual et al 2020 ), Ceriana Rafinesque, 1815 ( Thompson 2013 ), Chasmomma Bezzi, 1915 ( Kassebeer 2000 ), Eristalinus Rondani, 1845 (subgenus Merodonoides ) ( Thompson 2019 ), Megatrigon Johnson, 1898 ( Doczkal et al 2016 ), (part of) Merodon Meigen, 1803 ( Radenković et al 2018 ), Phytomia Guérin-Méneville, 1834 ( De Meyer et al 2020a ), Senaspis Macquart, 1850 ( De Meyer et al 2020b ), Syritta Le Peletier & Serville, 1828 ( Lyneborg and Barkemeyer 2005 ) and Spheginobaccha de Meijere, 1908 ( Thompson and Hauser 2015 ). Nevertheless, gaps in our taxonomic knowledge of several other genera remain ( Ssymank et al in press ), the genus Mesembrius Rondani, 1857 being one of them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revision of the Afrotropical species of the hover fly genus Mesembrius Rondani (Diptera, Syrphidae) using morphological and molecular data

Jordaens¹,

Goergen²,

Skevington³

et al. 2021

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The Afrotropical representatives of the hover fly genus Mesembrius Rondani, 1857 (Diptera) are divided into two subgenera, namely Mesembrius s.s. and Vadonimyia Séguy, 1951 and, in this present work, the subgenus Mesembrius s.s. is revised. A total of 23 Mesembrius s.s. species are recognised for the Afrotropics. Known species are re-described and six species new to science are described: Mesembrius arcuatussp. nov., M. copelandisp. nov., M. longipilosussp. nov., M. sulcussp. nov., M. tibialissp. nov. and M. vockerothisp. nov. Mesembrius africanus (Verrall, 1898) is considered a junior synonym of M. senegalensis (Macquart, 1842), M. ctenifer Hull, 1941 a junior synonym of M. caffer (Loew, 1858), M. lagopus (Loew, 1869) a junior synonym of M. capensis (Macquart, 1842) and M. platytarsis Curran, 1929 a junior synonym of M. simplicipes Curran, 1929. The females of Mesembrius chapini Curran, 1939, M. rex Curran, 1927 and M. regulus (Hull, 1937) are described for the first time. Lectotypes are designated for Mesembrius caffer, M. capensis, M. cyanipennis (Bezzi, 1915), M. minor (Bezzi, 1915), M. senegalensis, M. strigilatus (Bezzi, 1912) and M. tarsatus (Bigot, 1883). Separate identification keys for males and females are presented. We obtained 236 DNA barcodes for 18 species. The relationships amongst the different Mesembrius species are briefly discussed, based on morphological and DNA barcode data.

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Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical hover fly genus Senaspis Macquart (Diptera, Syrphidae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Systematics of Afrotropical Eristalinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) using mitochondrial phylogenomics

Systematics of Afrotropical Eristalinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) using mitochondrial phylogenomics

Effects of Wing Flexibility on Vortex Behaviors and Aerodynamic Performance in Various Flapping Flights

Revision of the Afrotropical species of the hover fly genus Mesembrius Rondani (Diptera, Syrphidae) using morphological and molecular data

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