Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on freshwater Gastrotricha

Balsamo, Maria; D'hondt, J.-L.; Pierboni, Lara; Grilli, Paolo

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2158.1.1

Cited by 35 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…Given the included data, none of the currently recognized subgenera appear monophyletic except for Chaetonotus (Zonochaeta). Lepidochaetus, considered a subgenus within Chaetonotus by Balsamo et al (2009), is also monophyletic. The hypothesized reinvasion of certain Chaetonotidae (Halichaetonotus and marine Heterolepidoderma in a sister group relation to the freshwater taxon Chaetonotus schultzei Metschnikoff, 1865) from a limnic environment to a marine environment by Kånneby et al (2013) also gains high support in this study (pp=0.98) (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gastrotricha is a small phylum of aquatic acoelomate animals with approximately 850 species (see Balsamo et al 2009Balsamo et al , 2013Balsamo et al , 2014Hummon and Todaro 2010;Kieneke and Schmidt-Rhaesa 2014;Todaro et al 2014; and references therein). The group is a common component of the meiofauna and is hypothesized to act as an important link between the microbial loop and larger invertebrate predators (Balsamo and Todaro 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The phylogenetic position of Neogosseidae (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) and the origin of planktonic Gastrotricha

Kånneby

Todaro

2015

Org Divers Evol

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Planktonic forms of Gastrotricha have been known since the 1850s, despite the fact that they are rather uncommon and difficult to collect. They are characterized by a round sack-shaped body, an absence of furcal adhesive tubes, and a different distribution of the locomotory ciliation compared to\ud epibenthic and periphytic gastrotrichs. Today, planktonic gastrotrichs are classified into the three taxa—Dasydytidae, Neogosseidae, and Undula—but their origin and whether they share a recent common ancestor remain largely unknown. A long-held view is that planktonic taxa are derived from benthic\ud ancestors related to Chaetonotus (Zonochaeta), but the hypothesis has never been properly tested. Here, in order to elucidate the phylogeny and origin of planktonic Gastrotricha, we provide the first molecular data on the very rare genera Kijanebalola and Neogossea, both members of the family\ud Neogosseidae. We use Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetics to analyze sequences of 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, and COI mtDNA spanning 71 taxa in total. We find high support for a common origin of planktonic gastrotrichs, with monophyly of both Dasydytidae and Neogosseidae.\ud Planktonic forms have evolved from epibenthic or periphytic ancestors, and the closest extant clade comprises members of Chaetonotus (Zonochaeta)+Chaetonotus heteracanthus Remane, 1927. These results further imply that the motile spines and underlying muscle patterns that control them in species of Dasydytidae are adaptations to the planktonic environment that evolved independently of those in other species of Gastrotricha

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phylogenetic position of Neogosseidae (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) and the origin of planktonic Gastrotricha

Kånneby

Todaro

2015

Org Divers Evol

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“…By contrast, the taxonomy of the order Chaetonotida has been repeatedly revised in the last decades and is still unstable especially at the species level (Schwank 1990, Kisielewski 1991, Kisielewski 1997, Kisielewski 1998, Leasi and Todaro 2008, Balsamo et al 2009, Hummon and Todaro 2010, Balsamo et al 2014). Furthermore, a phylogenetic study based on molecular markers found the largest chaetonotidan family, Chaetonotidae, and most of the genera included in it to be non-monophyletic (Kånneby et al 2013).…”

Section: General Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fauna Europaea: Gastrotricha

Balsamo¹,

D'hondt²,

Kisielewski³

et al. 2015

BDJ

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Fauna Europaea provides a public web-service with an index of scientific names (including important synonyms) of all living European land and freshwater animals, their geographical distribution at country level (up to the Urals, excluding the Caucasus region), and some additional information. The Fauna Europaea project covers about 230,000 taxonomic names, including 130,000 accepted species and 14,000 accepted subspecies, which is much more than the originally projected number of 100,000 species. This represents a huge effort by more than 400 contributing specialists throughout Europe and is a unique (standard) reference suitable for many users in science, government, industry, nature conservation and education.Gastrotricha are a meiobenthic phylum composed of 813 species known so far (2 orders, 17 families) of free-living microinvertebrates commonly present and actively moving on and into sediments of aquatic ecosystems, 339 of which live in fresh and brackish waters. The Fauna Europaea database includes 214 species of Chaetonotida (4 families) plus a single species of Macrodasyida incertae sedis. This paper deals with the 224 European freshwater species known so far, 9 of which, all of Chaetonotida, have been described subsequently and will be included in the next database version. Basic information on their biology and ecology are summarized, and a list of selected, main references is given. As a general conclusion the gastrotrich fauna from Europe is the best known compared with that of other continents, but shows some important gaps of knowledge in Eastern and Southern regions.

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“…Kisielewski (1991) provisionally kept Anacanthoderma as a taxon affiliated to Dasydytidae but discusses a systematic position not strictly related to this group. In their recent taxonomic checklist of valid freshwater Gastrotricha, Balsamo et al (2009) class Anacanthoderma among the Dasydytidae (see also Todaro 2012). The results of our analysis yield support for such a classification.…”

Section: Systematic and Evolutionary Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the study also revealed severe differences between the two species such as a differing number of segments of the longitudinal muscles and oblique muscle pairs or an alternative shape of the oblique components, for example thin muscle strands in S. tongiorgii but massive muscle blocks in S. scirtetica (Kieneke et al 2008a). The limited number of species examined from this clade (containing 7 genera; Balsamo et al 2009) makes evolutionary inference, for example a reconstruction of ancestral character states, highly speculative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%