Taxonomic and functional beta diversity of woody communities along Amazon forest succession: The relative importance of stand age, soil properties and spatial factor

Villa, Pedro Manuel; Martins, Sebastião Venâncio; Diniz, Écio Souza; Neto, Sílvio Nolasco de Oliveira; Pinto-Junior, Herval Vieira; Nunes, Jaquelina Alves; Bueno, Marcelo Leandro; Ali, Arshad

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118885

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In addition, it also positively affected the above-ground biomass of the canopy and functional diversity of the understorey of the areas under restoration. Our results support the previous findings showing that areas with greater vegetation cover positively affect richness and diversity (Crouzeilles & Curran, 2016;Kauano et al, 2013;Pütz et al, 2011;Villa et al, 2021), and basal area and individual density (Martínez-Ramos et al, 2016) in restoration areas. Vegetation covering from ~60% had the best effects on the areas under restoration, which…”

Section: Landscape As the Most Important Factor Affecting Restorationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Landscape conservation as a strategy for recovering biodiversity: Lessons from a long‐term program of pasture restoration in the southern Atlantic Forest

Cardoso

Capellesso

Britez³

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Although ecological restoration has entered the global agenda to reverse different anthropogenic disturbances, we still know little about how this solution interacts with other conservation strategies, to avoid the progressive loss of species and ecosystem services.2. Here we evaluate one of the pioneering restoration programs in the southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest, where the combination of conservation and restoration efforts has been carried out for 20 years. Specifically, we tested how landscape characteristics, restoration strategies and environmental characteristics affect the results of the restoration of pastures.3. We established 65 circular plots (total 4.0 ha) along restoration areas (3-10 years) and sampled trees and shrubs composing the canopy (DBH ≥ 5 cm) and understorey (DBH < 5 cm, height > 1.3 m). We analysed the landscape metrics (proportion of old-growth forests in 200, 500 and 1,000 m buffers around each plot; and area and distance of the nearest-neighbouring old-growth forests).We explored the multiple effects of landscape, restoration strategy (reforestation, natural regeneration) and environmental variables (soil, pasture grass types) on the species composition and multiple diversity metrics of restoration areas.4. The species composition was very similar among restoration ages and restoration strategies. We found positive and strong effects of old-growth forest (200 m buffer) proportion on the species richness and Shannon diversity (canopy and understorey), above-ground biomass (canopy) and functional diversity (understorey) of restoration areas. The restoration strategies affected forest structure, and, in general, the reforestation strategy increased above-ground biomass, Shannon, functional and phylogenetic diversities (in canopy), and percentage of endemic species and biomass (understorey), when compared to natural regeneration.5. The 20-year experience in the southern Atlantic Forest showed that programs focused on landscape conservation associated with a mixture of restoration strategies (i.e. natural regeneration in larger areas and active restoration in more

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Section: Landscape As the Most Important Factor Affecting Restorationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Landscape conservation as a strategy for recovering biodiversity: Lessons from a long‐term program of pasture restoration in the southern Atlantic Forest

Cardoso

Capellesso

Britez³

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…To ameliorate the environmental conditions of forests, several countries have implemented various ecological restoration projects, particularly afforestation programs. Accordingly, studies on forest coverage changes have garnered significant research attention [4][5][6]. However, the prediction of forest restoration requires insight into the spatial patterns and driving factors of forest systems to formulate reasonable restoration measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Forest Restoration Probability and Driving Archetypes Using a Bayesian Belief Network and SOM: Towards Karst Ecological Restoration in Guizhou, China

Zhou

Chen

2022

Remote Sensing

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To address ecological threats such as land degradation in the karst regions, several ecological restoration projects have been implemented for improved vegetation coverage. Forests are the most important types of vegetation. However, the evaluation of forest restoration is often uncertain, primarily owing to the complexity of the underlying factors and lack of information related to changes in forest coverage in the future. To address this issue, a systematic case study based on the Guizhou Province, China, was carried out. First, three archetypes of driving factors were recognized through the self-organizing maps (SOM) algorithm: the high-strength ecological archetype, marginal archetype, and high-strength archetype dominated by human influence. Then, the probability of forest restoration in the context of ecological restoration was predicted using Bayesian belief networks in an effort to decrease the uncertainty of evaluation. Results show that the overall probability of forest restoration in the study area ranged from 22.27 to 99.29%, which is quite high. The findings from regions with different landforms suggest that the forest restoration probabilities of karst regions in the grid and the regional scales were lower than in non-karst regions. However, this difference was insignificant mainly because the ecological restoration in the karst regions accelerated local forest restoration and decreased the ecological impact. The proposed method of driving-factor clustering based on restoration as well as the method of predicting restoration probability have a certain reference value for forest management and the layout of ecological restoration projects in the mid-latitude ecotone.

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“…Biotic factors have greater importance on ecosystem functioning mainly on a fine spatial scale and anthropogenic factors related to land‐use changes at the local and regional scale (e.g. Zirbel et al 2017; van der Plas 2019; Villa et al 2021). Conversely, abiotic factors (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…climate, soil, and topography) can be the main driver of plant community assembly and ecosystem processes on multiple spatial scales (e.g. Conti & Díaz 2013; van der Plas 2019; Villa et al 2021; Wang & Ali 2021). Thus, it is possible to predict the functional consequences of biodiversity loss based on the functional trait distribution that operates on a biome scale and that quantifies the maxima of trait diversity that are needed to maintain multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems (Gross et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…disturbance by land-use changes) and dimensions of tree species diversity (i.e. species richness and composition, and functional diversity) on ecosystem functioning have been in secondary forests compared with reference old-growth forests (Lohbeck et al 2013;Matos et al 2020;Villa et al 2020aVilla et al , 2021Jakovac et al 2021). However, little is known about the ecosystem functioning distribution (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional composition enhances aboveground biomass stock undergoing active forest restoration on mining tailings in Mariana, Brazil

Campanharo

Martins

Villa

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

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Functional composition is an important driver of aboveground biomass (AGB) variation in the tropical forest and has been demonstrated through the mass ratio hypotheses (MRH) that explain how dominant species and their functional traits have an important role in the AGB increase. We hypothesized that AGB stock of tree species is promoted by the simultaneous effects of restoration treatments and Technosol quality through functional trait composition. We tested the main effects of taxonomic, stand structural, functional attributes and abiotic factors undergoing different restoration methods (planting of nursery-grown seedlings, seeding, and natural regeneration) and the effect of Technosol fertilization on AGB using different linear models. The functional traits were based on the community-weighted mean of the community of values of functional traits related to MRH. Stems and biomass distribution were categorized into the following functional groups: successional strategy, dispersal syndrome, nitrogen fixation, wood density (WD). As expected, during early restoration stage, the pioneer and anemochoric species were dominants mainly represented by naturally regenerated stems. However, the autochoric dispersal and nitrogen-fixing tree species were biomass dominant groups in active restoration, driven mostly by Senna alata which had high abundance and WD. We found that high WD and active restoration methods determine higher AGB stock on mining tailings where natural regeneration is limited. We conclude that functional composition reverses the effects of species richness and abundance on AGB tenting the MRH. Therefore, the effects of functional composition and restoration methods are key predictors on ecosystem functioning during forest restoration.

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Taxonomic and functional beta diversity of woody communities along Amazon forest succession: The relative importance of stand age, soil properties and spatial factor

Cited by 20 publications

References 73 publications

Landscape conservation as a strategy for recovering biodiversity: Lessons from a long‐term program of pasture restoration in the southern Atlantic Forest

Landscape conservation as a strategy for recovering biodiversity: Lessons from a long‐term program of pasture restoration in the southern Atlantic Forest

Mapping Forest Restoration Probability and Driving Archetypes Using a Bayesian Belief Network and SOM: Towards Karst Ecological Restoration in Guizhou, China

Functional composition enhances aboveground biomass stock undergoing active forest restoration on mining tailings in Mariana, Brazil

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