Taxol from fungal endophytes and the issue of biodiversity

Ga, Strobel; Hess, WM; Ford, Eugene; Rs, Sidhu; Yang, Xiao‐Long

doi:10.1007/bf01574772

Cited by 185 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Some of these fungi are potential sources of diverse bioactive metabolites which may have potential for therapeutic purposes and could be used prolifi cally as research tools (Tan et al, 2000;Tan and Zou, 2001). In our ongoing project aiming at the characterization of structur- (Strobel et al, 1996;Siva Sundara Kumar et al, 2004). After fermenting for two weeks, the entire culture was blended and extracted exhaustively with ethyl acetate.…”

Section: Tested Materials D Pleiantha Was Collected In November 2007mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Endangered, Chinese Endemic Species Dysosma pleiantha

Chen

Wang

2009

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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Eleven strains of endophytic fungi which habitat in an endangered, Chinese endemic medicinal plant, Dysosma pleiantha (Hance) Woodson, were isolated and tested for their cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Six isolates were found to exhibit some cytotoxic activity. Extracts of F1273, F1276, and F1280, which were identifi ed as Trichoderma citrinoviride, Chaetomium globosum and Ascomycete sp., in particular, showed most potent activity with LC 50 values of 4.86, 7.71, and 14.88 µg/ml, respectively. These results indicate that endophytic fungi of Dysosma pleiantha could be a promising source for antitumour agents.

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Section: Tested Materials D Pleiantha Was Collected In November 2007mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Endangered, Chinese Endemic Species Dysosma pleiantha

Chen

Wang

2009

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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“…The endophyte-plant relationship may have begun with the growth of higher vegetables hundreds of millions years ago, resulting from coevolutive processes (Strobel et al, 1996;Strobel and Long, 1998). Around 100,000 fungal species have been described and nearly 10% of these obtain nutrients from associations with other organisms, such as plants and animals (Tunlid and Talbot, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of foliar endophytic fungi from the medicinal plant Sapindus saponaria L . and their localization by scanning electron microscopy

et al. 2012

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Endophytic fungi inhabit vegetable tissues or organs, without causing them any harm. Endophytes can co-evolve with plant hosts and possess species-specifi c interactions. They can protect the plant from insect attacks and diseases, and are also able to produce substances of biotechnological interest. In folk medicine, the bark, roots and fruits of Sapindus saponaria is used to produce substances with anxiolytic, astringent, diuretic and expectorant properties, as well as tonics, blood depuratives and cough medicine. This study evaluated the diversity of endophytic fungi present in the leaves of S. saponaria L. and observed the colonization of host plants by endophytes, using light and scanning electron microscopy. We verifi ed that these fungi are found in intercellular and intracellular spaces. The genera of some isolates of S. saponaria were identifi ed mainly by sequencing of ITS region of rDNA and, when possible, also by their microscopic features, as follows: Cochliobolus, Alternaria, Curvularia, Phomopsis, Diaporthe and Phoma. Phylogenetic analysis showed the existence of genetic variability of the genera Phomopsis and Diaporthe and interspecifi c variation among the Curvularia, Alternaria and Phoma, belonging to family Pleosporaceae.

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“…While the 1990s brought quite an abundance of reports on paclitaxel-producing endophytes (e.g. Stierle et al 1993;Strobel et al 1996Li et al 1998a, b;Noh et al 1999;Zhou and Ping 2001), no conclusive follow-up data concerning fungal metabolite profile or genetic background of the biosynthetic pathway leading to paclitaxel in fungi is available at present. While the pursuit of the idea of a microbial paclitaxel source, providing for an inexhaustible supply of this antineoplastic blockbuster and novel taxanes, is being hampered by obtaining disappointingly low yields, the active ingredient is still mainly derived via chemical semisynthesis from the advanced taxoid, 10-deacetylbaccatin III, readily available from the needles of the European yew tree, Taxus baccata, being a renewable source and, to a lesser extent, by means of plant cell culture methods (Leistner 2005;Frense 2007).…”

Section: Endophytic Natural Products As Drugs and Novel Drug Leadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytes: exploiting biodiversity for the improvement of natural product-based drug discovery

Staniek

Woerdenbag

Kayser

2008

Journal of Plant Interactions

130

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Endophytes, microorganisms that colonize internal tissues of all plant species, create a huge biodiversity with yet unknown novel natural products, presumed to push forward the frontiers of drug discovery. Next to the clinically acknowledged antineoplastic agent, paclitaxel, endophyte research has yielded potential drug lead compounds with antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, insulin mimetic, anti-neurodegenerative and immunosuppressant properties. Furthermore, while being implicated in livestock neurotoxicosis, some endophyte-produced alkaloids have been shown to display insecticidal activity. The endophyte-host relationship is postulated to be a 'balanced antagonism'. Moreover, the plausibility of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) hypothesis is taken into account. Knowledge of the genetic background of endophytic natural product biosynthesis is discussed on the basis of loline alkaloids, ergopeptines, lolitrems and maytansinoids. The current dynamic progress in genomics will contribute to a better understanding of endophytic microbes and to further exploiting them as a source of pharmaceutically relevant compounds.

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Taxol from fungal endophytes and the issue of biodiversity

Cited by 185 publications

References 12 publications

Cytotoxic Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Endangered, Chinese Endemic Species Dysosma pleiantha

Cytotoxic Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Endangered, Chinese Endemic Species Dysosma pleiantha

Diversity of foliar endophytic fungi from the medicinal plant Sapindus saponaria L . and their localization by scanning electron microscopy

Endophytes: exploiting biodiversity for the improvement of natural product-based drug discovery

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