Taxilin; a novel syntaxin‐binding protein that is involved in Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells

Nogami, Satoru; Satoh, Sachie; Nakano, Michiko; Shimizu, Hiroaki; Fukushima, Hiromichi; Maruyama, Ayumi; Terano, Akira; Shirataki, Hiromichi

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.2003.00612.x

Cited by 50 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Briefly, 50 μg of cytosolic protein was separated by SDS-PAGE (12.5% gel) and electrotransferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane (Immobilon-P membranes; Millipore, Bedford, MA). After the membrane was blocked, the bound proteins were probed with a specific antibody for α-taxilin (26,28). Hela cells were used as a positive control for α-taxilin expression.…”

Section: Alpha-taxilin Protein Level and Tumor Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…α-Taxilin proteins expression was examined in RCC cell lines (26)(27)(28). Three human renal cancer cell lines (293, Caki-1, and TUHR4TKB) were obtained from the Riken Bioresource Cancer Cell Bank (Tsukuba, Japan).…”

Section: Alpha-taxilin Protein Level and Tumor Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…v-SNAREs and their corresponding t-SNAREs recognize each other and form a stable trans-SNARE complex, which brings vesicles close to the acceptor membrane and mediates vesicle fusion. α-Taxilin binds to syntaxin family members via their C-terminal coiled-coil region, which is involved in SNARE complex formation (26), but α-taxilin is unable to interact with syntaxin-1 after it forms a complex with VAMP2, SNAP-25, or Munc18 (27). Therefore, it has been postulated that α-taxilin may be involved in tethering of vesicles to the acceptor membrane before formation of the trans-SNAREs complex.…”

Section: Vesicle Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a protein named alpha (α)-taxilin was identified as a binding partner of the syntaxin family, which is involved in the coordination of intracellular vesicle trafficking (26). The taxilin family has at least three members-α-, beta (β)-, and gamma (γ)-taxilin-and α-taxilin possesses an extremely long coiled-coil region and interacts with syntaxin family members localized on the plasma membrane, but not with those localized on intracellular organelles (26,28). There is evidence that the taxilin family is involved in the transfer of vesicles delivered to the plasma membrane (26,28).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The taxilin family has at least three members-α-, beta (β)-, and gamma (γ)-taxilin-and α-taxilin possesses an extremely long coiled-coil region and interacts with syntaxin family members localized on the plasma membrane, but not with those localized on intracellular organelles (26,28). There is evidence that the taxilin family is involved in the transfer of vesicles delivered to the plasma membrane (26,28). However, the precise influence of the taxilin family on the functions of the syntaxin family remains to be fully elucidated, and the actual role of α-taxilin in intracellular vesicle trafficking is also unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Increased alpha-taxilin protein expression is associated with the metastatic and invasive potential of renal cell cancer

et al. 2011

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Intracellular vesicle trafficking is the principal transportation system in eukaryotic cells, and is considered to be involved in a variety of processes related to cell proliferation. A protein named alpha-taxilin has been identified as a binding partner of the syntaxin family, which coordinates intracellular vesicle trafficking. To clarify the role of alpha-taxilin in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), we investigated alpha-taxilin protein expression in clear cell RCC tissues. We analyzed alphataxilin protein in matched sets of tumor and non-tumor tissues from the surgical specimens of 52 Japanese RCC patients by Western blotting. We also studied the relation between alpha-taxilin protein expression in tumor tissues and various clinicopathological features. The alpha-taxilin protein level was higher in tumor tissues than in non-tumor tissues (P < 0.05). Increased expression of alpha-taxilin protein in primary tumors was related to local invasion (P < 0.001), pathological vessel invasion (P < 0.001), and metastasis (P < 0.0001). Kaplan-Meier plots of survival for patients with low versus high alpha-taxilin expression revealed that high expression in tumor tissues was associated with shorter overall survival in all patients (P < 0.05) and with shorter disease-free survival in patients without metastasis (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that alpha-taxilin influences the metastatic and invasive potential of RCC.Intracellular vesicle trafficking is the principal transportation system in eukaryotic cells, and vesicle trafficking is thought to be involved in various processes related to cell proliferation. Abnormal proliferation is the hallmark of cancer. Recently, a protein named alpha (α)-taxilin was identified as a binding partner of the syntaxin family, which is involved in the coordination of intracellular vesicle trafficking (26). The taxilin family has at least three members-α-, beta (β)-, and gamma (γ)-taxilin-and α-taxilin possesses an extremely long coiled-coil region and interacts with syntaxin family members localized on the plasma membrane, but not with those localized on intracellular organelles (26, 28). There is evidence that the taxilin family is involved in the transfer of vesicles delivered to the plasma membrane (26, 28). However, the precise influence of the taxilin family on the functions of the syntaxin family remains to be fully elucidated, and the actual role of α-taxilin in intracellular vesicle trafficking is also unknown. In addition to providing information about the molecular mechanisms involved, examination of the physiological and pathophysiological functions of taxilin should improve our understanding about the role of this family of proteins. We recently reported that α-taxilin protein is significantly upregulated in proliferating neural stem cells during embryonic development in the rat (37). In addition, Oba-Shinjo et al. recently reported that

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Section: Alpha-taxilin Protein Level and Tumor Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alpha-taxilin Protein Level and Tumor Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vesicle Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased alpha-taxilin protein expression is associated with the metastatic and invasive potential of renal cell cancer

et al. 2011

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Developmental and spatial expression pattern of α‐Taxilin in the rat central nervous system

Sakakibara

Nakadate

Tanaka-Nakadate

et al. 2008

J of Comparative Neurology

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Alpha-taxilin has been identified as a binding partner of syntaxin family members and thus has been proposed to function in syntaxin-mediated intracellular vesicle trafficking. However, the lack of detailed information concerning the cellular and subcellular localization of alpha-taxilin impedes an understanding of the role of this protein. In the present study, we characterized alpha-taxilin-expressing cells in the rat CNS with a specific antibody. During embryonic development, alpha-taxilin was prominently expressed in nestin-positive neural stem cells in vivo and in vitro. As CNS development proceeded, the alpha-taxilin expression level was rapidly down-regulated. In the postnatal CNS, alpha-taxilin expression was almost confined to the neuronal lineage, with the highest levels of expression in motor neurons within the brainstem nuclei and spinal cord and in primary sensory neurons in mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus. At the cellular level, alpha-taxilin was preferentially located in Nissl substance-like structures with a tigroid or globular morphology within the soma and proximal to dendrites, but it was excluded from terminals. Combined staining with propidium iodide demonstrated that alpha-taxilin distribution overlapped with the cytoplasmic compartment enriched in RNA species, suggesting a close association of alpha-taxilin with actively translating ribosomes or polysomes in neurons. In agreement with this, a recent study indicated the preferential binding of alpha-taxilin to the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (alphaNAC), a dynamic component of the ribosomal exit tunnel in eukaryotic cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that alpha-taxilin plays multiple roles in the generation and maintenance of neurons through modulation of the NAC-mediated translational machinary and/or the syntaxin-mediated vesicle traffic in the soma.

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FIAT control of osteoblast activity

St‐Arnaud¹,

Mandic²

2009

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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The basic domain-leucine zipper transcription factor activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) regulates most functions of the osteoblast. It is therefore not surprising that its activity should be regulated through several mechanisms. Factor inhibiting ATF4-mediated transcription (FIAT) is a leucine zipper nuclear molecule lacking a basic domain for DNA binding that interacts with ATF4 to repress its transcriptional activity. FIAT expression was monitored in parallel with ATF4 during osteoblastogenesis. The mechanism of ATF4 repression by FIAT was investigated through structure-function analysis. The physiological significance of FIAT expression in osteoblasts was studied through silencing FIAT in osteoblasts by RNA interference, as well as through characterization of two genetic mouse models: FIAT transgenic mice which overexpress FIAT in osteoblasts, and FIAT knockout mice. Studies to date show that FIAT and ATF4 are co-expressed in osteoblasts, and that FIAT inhibition of matrix mineralization requires dimerization with ATF4 through the second leucine zipper. Furthermore, transgenic mice overexpressing FIAT exhibit osteopenia. The phenotype of FIAT knockout mice is still under evaluation but the salient aspects are discussed here. Taken together, the results accumulated to date support the hypothesis that FIAT is a transcriptional repressor that modulates osteoblast function.

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Taxilin; a novel syntaxin‐binding protein that is involved in Ca²⁺‐dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells

Abstract: These results indicate that taxilin is a novel binding partner of several syntaxin family members and suggest that taxilin is involved in Ca2+-dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells.

Cited by 50 publications

References 33 publications

Increased alpha-taxilin protein expression is associated with the metastatic and invasive potential of renal cell cancer

Increased alpha-taxilin protein expression is associated with the metastatic and invasive potential of renal cell cancer

Developmental and spatial expression pattern of α‐Taxilin in the rat central nervous system

FIAT control of osteoblast activity

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Taxilin; a novel syntaxin‐binding protein that is involved in Ca2+‐dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells

Abstract: These results indicate that taxilin is a novel binding partner of several syntaxin family members and suggest that taxilin is involved in Ca2+-dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells.

Cited by 50 publications

References 33 publications

Increased alpha-taxilin protein expression is associated with the metastatic and invasive potential of renal cell cancer

Increased alpha-taxilin protein expression is associated with the metastatic and invasive potential of renal cell cancer

Developmental and spatial expression pattern of α‐Taxilin in the rat central nervous system

FIAT control of osteoblast activity

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Taxilin; a novel syntaxin‐binding protein that is involved in Ca²⁺‐dependent exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells