Tax systems in European Union countries

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. ABSTRACT The Impact of Tax and Transfer Systems on Children in the European Union * The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of fiscal policy on the economic resources available to children, and on the child poverty rate. A static microsimulation model specifically designed for the purposes of comparative fiscal analysis in the European Union, EUROMOD, is used to study the age incidence of government taxes and transfers in 2001 in 15 EU countries. Three related questions are addressed. First, what priorities are currently embodied in government budgets across age groups, and in particular to what degree do cash transfer and tax systems benefit children relative to older groups? Second, what fractions of the needs of children are supported by elements of the tax and transfer systems directed explicitly to them? And third, what impact do measures of public resources for children have on child poverty rates? JEL Classification: I30, I32, I38

The Impact of Standard Value Added Tax on Economic Growth in Cee-5 Countries: Econometric Analysis and Simulations

“…The fast development of electronic commerce transactions affected the possible nonneutralities in the VAT system. A high discrimination regarding EU online sellers was observed, because important distortions were brought to international procedures regarding taxing e-commerce (Joumard 2002). There are countries in EU with high VAT rates.…”

The Relationship between Tax Revenues and Government Expenditures in European Union and Non-European Union OECD Countries

“…The SGP, which consists of a preventive and a dissuasive arm, was established to safeguard sound public finances in order for EMU to function properly. Constrained by the multilateral surveillance frameworks, many EU countries have implemented fiscal consolidation efforts that ultimately led to the scaling back of public spending through curtailing public sector pay and public investment in infrastructure (Joumard 2002;Carone, Nicodème, and Schmidt 2007). Given the budgetary processes and requirements for these countries, it is important to know that direct income taxes, consumption taxes, value added tax (VAT) and excise taxes, social security contributions, and environmentally related taxes are the features of the tax systems within the EU zone.…”

Fiscal sustainability and public debt in an endogenous growth model

“…Consistent with an effective tax rate on labor income of 40 % h=0.2196 Consistent with a pension expenditure ratio over GDP of 8 % g g=17.6228 Consistent with public consumption of 20 % of GDP The marginal tax rate on labor income (t) and the lump-sum tax/transfer (g g) have been chosen with a view to replicating both the effective tax rate and the high marginal tax wedge on labor income in the European Union. The marginal tax rate set at 60% (t=0.6) captures the high marginal tax wedge on labor income in the European Union, where progressiveness in the statutory tax rates on personal income is moderated by a wide range of tax allowances and tax credits and the proportionality of social contributions (Joumard, 2002). Martinez-Mongay (2000) indicates that the effective tax burden on labor in the euro area was close to 40 % in 1999, slightly higher than the effective tax burden in the European Union.…”