“…Mail was delivered to and collected from taverns Earle (1968), Sandoval-Strausz (2003), Salinger (2004), Thorp (1996), Conroy (1995 Business Venues for trade where merchants exchanged goods, buyers and sellers came to bargain and even where auctions were administered and estates sold Earle (1968), Northington (1936), Graham (1953), Thorp (1996), Thompson (1989) Politics Both at formal and informal levels, including selection of candidates, political speeches, and voting Earle (1968), Burke (2005), Sandoval-Strausz (2003) Law Magistrates' courts were often first established in taverns. Consultancy between lawyers and clients was administered in taverns regularly Earle (1968), Burke (2005), Thorp (1996) Religion Often taverns were developed before churches could be built and religious services would be held in them Duess (2007) Table I shows the multi-functioning role of taverns and inns in nineteenth century America. Despite the limited social, commercial, and political institutions recognisable to settlers descending upon the frontier, the one thing they did find was taverns.…”