Taurine supplementation associated with exercise increases mitochondrial activity and fatty acid oxidation gene expression in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue of obese women

Carvalho, Fabíola Galbiatti de; Brandão, Camila; Batitucci, Gabriela; Souza, Anderson de Oliveira; Ferrari, Gustavo Duarte; Alberici, Luciane C.; Muñoz, Vitor Rosetto; Pauli, José Rodrigo; Moura, Leandro Pereira de; Ropelle, Eduardo Rochete; Silva, Adelino Sánchez Ramos da; Junqueira-Franco, Márcia Varella Morandi; Marchini, Júlio Sérgio; Freitas, Ellen Cristini de

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.044

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…At the same time, when these individuals were also given 6 g/day of taurine for three weeks, the increase in the levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was attenuated. De Carvalho et al [ 217 ] recently showed that a combination of 3 g taurine supplementation and exercise training for eight weeks among obese women improved lipid metabolism and mitochondrial activity in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue. In addition, regular taurine intake through daily consumption of seafood, nuts, soy and milk has been shown to reduce the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity [ 94 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 ].…”

Section: Clinical Application Of Taurine In Mitochondria-targeted Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation is based on worldwide epidemiological studies conducted in more than 60 different populations around the world [ 218 ]. The antioxidant role of taurine in modulating the lipid profiles in obesity is likely to occur through maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and suppression of oxidative stress that stimulates lipid metabolism and subsequent restoration of energy production [ 215 , 216 , 217 ]. Indeed, this is consistent with several in vivo and in vitro studies on metabolic syndrome, showing the suppression of lipid peroxidation and restoration of mitochondrial function with taurine treatment [ 219 , 220 , 221 , 222 , 223 ].…”

Section: Clinical Application Of Taurine In Mitochondria-targeted Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Taurine in Mitochondria Health: More Than Just an Antioxidant

2021

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Taurine is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid that is found abundantly in excitatory tissues, such as the heart, brain, retina and skeletal muscles. Taurine was first isolated in the 1800s, but not much was known about this molecule until the 1990s. In 1985, taurine was first approved as the treatment among heart failure patients in Japan. Accumulating studies have shown that taurine supplementation also protects against pathologies associated with mitochondrial defects, such as aging, mitochondrial diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. In this review, we will provide a general overview on the mitochondria biology and the consequence of mitochondrial defects in pathologies. Then, we will discuss the antioxidant action of taurine, particularly in relation to the maintenance of mitochondria function. We will also describe several reported studies on the current use of taurine supplementation in several mitochondria-associated pathologies in humans.

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Section: Clinical Application Of Taurine In Mitochondria-targeted Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Application Of Taurine In Mitochondria-targeted Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Taurine in Mitochondria Health: More Than Just an Antioxidant

2021

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“…Exercise with taurine improves energy expenditure and white adipose tissue metabolism, which supports the regulation of both body weight and exercise performance time. For example, De Carvalho et al, reported that exercise with taurine supplementation increased resting energy expenditure and released blood irisin in obese women (De Carvalho et al, 2021 ). De Carvalho et al ( 2018 ) reported that taurine increases glycerol levels in plasma and improves lipolysis in healthy individuals (De Carvalho et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taurine supplementation with exercise may also increase mitochondrial activity and fatty acid oxidation by altering the gene expression of various enzymes and proteins, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), lipoprotein lipase, acyl-CoA synthase, and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX), which are linked to lipid substrate oxidation (Murakami, 2015 ; Jia et al, 2016 ). De Carvalho et al ( 2018 ) showed that taurine supplementation with exercise improved lipid metabolism by increasing mitochondrial respiratory capacity, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and increased the expression of fat oxidation-related genes, including aconitase 2 (ACO2) and ACOX1 in obese women (De Carvalho et al, 2021 ). These studies suggest a potential role for taurine in the regulation of energy metabolism in both active and obese individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dose Response of Taurine on Aerobic and Strength Exercises: A Systematic Review

Chen

Pinho

et al. 2021

Front. Physiol.

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Taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid involved in various functions, including regulating ion channels, cell volume, and membrane stabilization. However, how this molecule orchestrates such functions is unknown, particularly the dose response in exercised muscles. Therefore, this review aimed to systematically review the dose response of taurine on both aerobic and strength exercise performance. In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, relevant articles were sought on PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using related terms, including taurine, exercise performance, exercise, muscle, physical training, running, strength, endurance exercise, resistance exercise, aerobic exercise, and swimming. Ten articles were retrieved, reviewed, and subjected to systematic analysis. The following parameters were used to assess exercise performance in the selected studies: creatine kinase (CK), lactic acid dehydrogenase, carbohydrate, fat, glycerol, malondialdehyde, enzymatic antioxidants, blood pH, taurine level, and muscular strength. From the selected literature, we observed that taurine supplementation (2 g three times daily) with exercise can decrease DNA damage. Furthermore, 1 g of acute taurine administration before or after exercise can decrease lactate levels. However, acute administration of taurine (6 g) at a high dose before the start of exercise had no effect on reducing lactate level, but increased glycerol levels, suggesting that taurine could be an effective agent for prolonged activities, particularly at higher intensities. However, further studies are warranted to establish the role of taurine in fat metabolism during exercise. Finally, we observed that a low dose of taurine (0.05 g) before performing strength enhancing exercises can decrease muscular fatigue and increase enzymatic antioxidants.Systematic Review Registration:http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, PROSPERO (CRD42021225243).

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“…Antioxidant [1,17,[52][53][54] Membrane stabilisation [55][56][57] Mitochondrial integrity maintenance [11,13,[58][59][60][61] Vitagene activation [1,[62][63][64][65] Bile acid conjugation [66][67][68][69][70] Ca homeostasis [13,[71][72][73] FA metabolism/oxidation [74][75][76] Energy metabolism [77][78][79] Osmoregulation [13,80,81] Thermoregulation [82][83][84] Detoxification [85][86][87] Neuroprotection [71,[88][89][90][91] Anti-inflammatory [11,[92]…”

Section: Recent Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine as a Natural Antioxidant: From Direct Antioxidant Effects to Protective Action in Various Toxicological Models

2021

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Natural antioxidants have received tremendous attention over the last 3 decades. At the same time, the attitude to free radicals is slowly changing, and their signalling role in adaptation to stress has recently received a lot of attention. Among many different antioxidants in the body, taurine (Tau), a sulphur-containing non-proteinogenic β-amino acid, is shown to have a special place as an important natural modulator of the antioxidant defence networks. Indeed, Tau is synthesised in most mammals and birds, and the Tau requirement is met by both synthesis and food/feed supply. From the analysis of recent data, it could be concluded that the direct antioxidant effect of Tau due to scavenging free radicals is limited and could be expected only in a few mammalian/avian tissues (e.g., heart and eye) with comparatively high (>15–20 mM) Tau concentrations. The stabilising effects of Tau on mitochondria, a prime site of free radical formation, are characterised and deserve more attention. Tau deficiency has been shown to compromise the electron transport chain in mitochondria and significantly increase free radical production. It seems likely that by maintaining the optimal Tau status of mitochondria, it is possible to control free radical production. Tau’s antioxidant protective action is of great importance in various stress conditions in human life, and is related to commercial animal and poultry production. In various in vitro and in vivo toxicological models, Tau showed AO protective effects. The membrane-stabilizing effects, inhibiting effects on ROS-producing enzymes, as well as the indirect AO effects of Tau via redox balance maintenance associated with the modulation of various transcription factors (e.g., Nrf2 and NF-κB) and vitagenes could also contribute to its protective action in stress conditions, and thus deserve more attention.

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Taurine supplementation associated with exercise increases mitochondrial activity and fatty acid oxidation gene expression in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue of obese women

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

The Role of Taurine in Mitochondria Health: More Than Just an Antioxidant

The Role of Taurine in Mitochondria Health: More Than Just an Antioxidant

The Dose Response of Taurine on Aerobic and Strength Exercises: A Systematic Review

Taurine as a Natural Antioxidant: From Direct Antioxidant Effects to Protective Action in Various Toxicological Models

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