Taurine Protects Gut Barrier Function and Prevents Endothelial Cell Injury Induced by Ischaemia-Reperfusion

Abstract

Purpose: Gut permeability and microvascular injury following ischaemia/reperfusion (IR) have been implicated in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ failure (MOF). Taurine (TAU), a sulfurcontaining amino acid, is a powerful antioxidant and regulator of intracellular calcium and several studies have established that treatment with TAU protects cerebral, cardiac and testicular tissue from (IR) injury. This study investigates the protective effect of taurine in an experimental model of I/R-induced gut injury in rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: Control, I/R, TAU + I/R. TAU was given by gavage or intravenous injection before I/R. Ischaemia was induced by cross-clamping superior mesenteric and coeliac vascular pedicle for 20 -30 min, followed by 60 -180 min reperfusion. Gut permeability, blood flux, tissue oedema, leucocytes infiltration and eNOS expression were measured at 3 hrs following reperfusion using FD4. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions were determined by intra-vital microscopy during I/R. In vitro studies assessed the protective effect of TAU on endothelial cell function and survival. Results: Treatment with TAU significantly attenuated IR-induced gut hyper permeability, tissue oedema, leukocyte adhesion and infiltration. TAU also prevented the reduction in gut blood flow, leukocyte rolling velocity and eNOS expression induced by IR. TAU protects against I/R-induced endothelial cell injury by reduced anti-oxidant activity and modulation of eNOS expression and intracellular calcium fluxes. Conclusions: TAU protects the gut from intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by surgical I/R.

How Anesthetic, Analgesic and Other Non-Surgical Techniques During Cancer Surgery Might Affect Postoperative Oncologic Outcomes: A Summary of Current State of Evidence

“…The benefits of perioperative treatment with immunonutrients are well documented and include reduction of postoperative complications, reduced loss of skeletal mass, modulated inflammatory response, and improved protein synthesis after surgery [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32]. It is known that taurine supplementation augments immune function and protects the gut from intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by surgery [33]. The same phenomenon of complex immune dysfunction is seen in cancer patients and clinical data show a correlation between high-density leukocytic infiltration in solid tumors and poor patient outcomes.…”

Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals spatial metabolic heterogeneity in different intestinal segments of type 1 diabetic mice

“…In addition, the protective effects on intestinal integrity, inflammation and oxidative stress were also found for other amino acids including serine, 46,47 tryptophan [48][49][50] and taurine. [51][52][53] Relative to age-matched CON mice, therefore, lower levels of these amino acids in the jejunum of T1D mice may indicate jejunum dysfunction, affecting the onset and progression of diabetes and its complications.…”

Effect of Ghrelin on mitophagy in intestinal epithelial cells through the AMPK/FUNDC1 pathway

“…After intestinal I/R, acute lung injury occurs as a major complication, leading to high mortality rate [23].The damaged intestine releases mtDNA, accelerating the release of in ammatory cytokines and chemical chemokines,whicjh would enter the circulation and trigger a systemic in ammatory response, mainly affecting in distant organs such as the lung, liver and kidney [24].In our experiment, it was concluded that Ghrelin could reduce oxidative stress after intestinal I/R by promoting mitophagy, thus reducing the release of in ammatory factors and thus avoiding lung injury by the pathological observation of HE staining and the detection of IL-6 and mtDNA levels.…”