Taura syndrome virus (TSV) in Thailand and its relationship to TSV in China and the Americas

Nielsen, Linda Kærgaard; Sang-oum, Wiwat; Cheevadhanarak, Supapon; Flegel, Timothy W.

doi:10.3354/dao063101

Cited by 63 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In addition, the Korean peninsula is geographically much closer to Taiwan than to Thailand and thus it is unlikely that the Thailand TSV strain rather than the Taiwan TSV strain would naturally infect shrimp cultured in Korea. Recently, it has been reported that the genotype of Chinese TSV isolates is closely related to TSV isolates from SE Asia (Nielsen et al 2005, Tang & Lightner 2005. This suggests that TSV may be introduced into Korea through illegal importation of P. vannamei from China; however, we currently have no evidence to support this possibility.…”

Section: Previously In Diseases Of Aquatic Organisms (Dao)contrasting

confidence: 45%

Taura syndrome virus in Penaeus vannamei shrimp originating from Hawaii

Wan¹,

Ju²,

Lee³

et al. 2007

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Section: Previously In Diseases Of Aquatic Organisms (Dao)contrasting

confidence: 45%

Taura syndrome virus in Penaeus vannamei shrimp originating from Hawaii

Wan¹,

Ju²,

Lee³

et al. 2007

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…First seen in shrimp farms located along the Taura River in Ecuador in 1992, TS spread rapidly to other countries in Central and South America and to Mexico and the United States (Jimenez 1992, Brock 1997. The introduction of P. vannamei culture in Taiwan, China, Thailand and Indonesia also resulted in the spread of TS virus (TSV) to these regions within a relatively short period of time (Tu et al 1999, Yu & Song 2000, Nielsen et al 2005. Several genotypes or strains are now known to exist and the virus remains an important infectious disease in countries where P. vannamei is farmed (Erickson et al 2002, Lien et al 2002, Robles-Sikisaka et al 2002, Rosenberry 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Taura syndrome virus (TSV) detection methods during chronic-phase infection in Penaeus vannamei

Poulos

Noble

Lightner³

2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Methods to detect Taura syndrome virus (TSV) were assessed for their ability to detect the virus during chronic phase infection in the Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. In situ hybridization (ISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC) using monoclonal antibody 1A1, conventional RT-PCR and real-time quantitative (q)RT-PCR were compared using shrimp sampled over 60 wk following experimental TSV infection. Between Weeks 7 and 60, hematoxylin-eosin histology confirmed the presence of lymphoid organ spheroids (LOS) and an absence of lesions in the cuticular epithelium. ISH detected TSV in LOS over the duration of the study. IHC was generally less sensitive than ISH, and after Week 24, was often unable to confirm TSV infection. Detection of TSV by RT-PCR was highly dependent on sample source after Week 43, where viral RNA was detected in 12 of 14 hemolymph samples but only 5 of 16 pleopod samples. qRT-PCR detected TSV over the 60 wk in both hemolymph and pleopods, although RNA copy numbers in pleopods were consistently lower throughout the study. This study demonstrates that ISH and qRT-PCR are the most reliable methods for detecting TSV during late chronic phase infection. RT-PCR was also reliable if hemolymph was used as the sample source. KEY WORDS: Taura syndrome · TSV · RT-PCR · qRT-PCR · In situ hybridization · Immunohistochemistry Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 82: [179][180][181][182][183][184][185] 2008 lasting ~5 d and a chronic phase that lingers in survivors of ecdysis. Shrimp with a chronic phase infection present no melanized lesions or abnormal behavior and histologically present normal cuticular epithelium. However, they display marked hypertrophy of the lymphoid organ (LO) with the presence of numerous LO spheroids (LOS) (Hasson et al. 1999b, Srisuvan et al. 2005.Over 48 wk following TSV infection of juvenile Penaeus vannamei, in situ hybridization (ISH) was able to detect TSV within the LOS up to Week 32, even though LOS remained evident thereafter up to Week 48 post-infection (pi) (Hasson et al. 1999b). RT-PCR and real-time quantitative (q)RT-PCR have been developed to detect TSV (Nunan et al. 1998) and the latter test was able to detect the virus in LO, gill and pleopod tissues in the chronic phase of the disease up to 23 wk pi when the study was terminated . A monoclonal antibody (1A1) generated to a TSV isolate from Hawaii (circa 1994) used for immunohistochemistry can detect the virus in fixed tissue sections but the reactivity is limited to related isolates (Poulos et al. 1999, Erickson et al. 2002. However, the utility of IHC has not been investigated during chronic phase infection.Studies to date have shown that accurate diagnosis of TSV is dependent upon the stage of infection and the nature of the isolate. The selection of diagnostic specimens and TSV detection methods becomes more important to diagnose the infection once disease signs abate as infection passes through the transition stage and the virus becomes sequestered...

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“…There were 3 distinct phylogenetic lineages in the Americas, Asia, and Belize. Nielsen et al (2005) also reported that TSV isolates from Asia and the Americas were distinct.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were 3 distinct phylogenetic lineages in the Americas, Asia, and Belize. Nielsen et al (2005) also reported that TSV isolates from Asia and the Americas were distinct.Because TS causes high mortalities in Litopenaeus vannamei (Lightner 1996), scientists have attempted to develop TSV-resistant shrimp populations (Wyban 2000, White et al 2002, Xu et al 2003. This is important because L. vannamei is the predominant cultivated species worldwide (FAO 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of four Taura syndrome virus (TSV) isolates in oral challenge studies with Litopenaeus vannamei unselected or selected for resistance to TSV

Srisuvan¹,

Noble²,

Schofield³

et al. 2006

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Taura syndrome virus (TSV) infection in TSV-resistant (TSR) and TSV-susceptible (Kona) Litopenaeus vannamei (also called Penaeus vannamei) was investigated using histology, in situ hybridization (ISH), conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays, and SYBR-Green real-time RT-PCR analysis. The shrimp were challenged by feeding with minced tissues of L. vannamei infected with 4 genotypic variants of TSV (Bz01, Th04, UsHi94, and Ve05). Survival probabilities of TSR shrimp were higher than those for Kona shrimp with all 4 variants. Th04, UsHi94, and Ve05 gave no Taura syndrome lesions with TSR shrimp. In contrast, TSR shrimp challenged with Bz01 and Kona shrimp with all 4 TSV variants exhibited severe necrosis of cuticular epithelial cells and lymphoid organ spheroids, indicative of acute and chronic phases of TSV infection, respectively. TSV was not detected by RT-PCR in TSR shrimp infected with Th04, UsHi94, and Ve05, or in Kona shrimp infected with Ve05 but was detected in TSR shrimp infected with Bz01 and in Kona shrimp infected with Bz01, Th04, and UsHi94. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that mean TSV copy numbers in TSR shrimp infected with Bz01, Th04, and UsHi94 were significantly (p < 0.0005) lower than those in Kona shrimp. In contrast, mean TSV copy numbers in TSR and Kona shrimp infected with Ve05 were not significantly different (p > 0.4). The results show that TSR L. vannamei are susceptible to infection but give high survival rates following challenge by all 4 variants of TSV. KEY WORDS: Taura syndrome virus · TSV · TSV variants · Litopenaeus vannamei Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 71: [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] 2006 acid sequence . There were 3 distinct phylogenetic lineages in the Americas, Asia, and Belize. Nielsen et al. (2005) also reported that TSV isolates from Asia and the Americas were distinct.Because TS causes high mortalities in Litopenaeus vannamei (Lightner 1996), scientists have attempted to develop TSV-resistant shrimp populations (Wyban 2000, White et al. 2002, Xu et al. 2003. This is important because L. vannamei is the predominant cultivated species worldwide (FAO 2004). We used histology, in situ hybridization (ISH), conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and SYBR-Green real-time RT-PCR to study the course of TSV infection in a population of L. vannamei selected for TSV resistance and in an unselected population. MATERIALS AND METHODSExperimental challenges. We performed experimental challenges with 2 populations of Litopenaeus vannamei to determine possible differences in susceptibility to TSV. These 2 populations were a specificpathogen-free (SPF) Taura syndrome resistant (TSR) stock obtained from High Health Aquaculture, Kona, Hawaii, USA, and an SPF Kona stock (Moss et al. 2005) obtained from the Oceanic Institute, Oahu, Hawaii, USA. These shrimp were derived from stocks certified SPF for a list of shrimp pathogens including TSV for the precedi...

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Taura syndrome virus (TSV) in Thailand and its relationship to TSV in China and the Americas

Cited by 63 publications

References 14 publications

Taura syndrome virus in Penaeus vannamei shrimp originating from Hawaii

Taura syndrome virus in Penaeus vannamei shrimp originating from Hawaii

Comparison of Taura syndrome virus (TSV) detection methods during chronic-phase infection in Penaeus vannamei

Comparison of four Taura syndrome virus (TSV) isolates in oral challenge studies with Litopenaeus vannamei unselected or selected for resistance to TSV

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